cc GENERAL SUMMARY OF SCIENTIFIC AND 



From the most authentic sources of information at our command, 



we are enabled to make the statement that, from the date of the first 



discovery of gold in California down to the close of the year 1875, 



the total amount of gold and silver produced in the United States 



was as follows : 



Troy Ounces. Value. 



Gold 66,680,000 $1,332,700,000 



Silver 201,300,000 261,450,000 



Total 267,980,000 $1,594,150,000 



It may not be out of place to interpolate here the following 

 figures, prepared by Prof. R. W. Raymond, showing the production 

 of the leading metals, minerals, etc., during the first century of the 

 Republic : 



Coal, anthracite (tons of 2^0 lbs.) 341,521,423 



Pig-iron " " " 40,000,000 



Lead " " " 855,000 



Copper " " " 200,000 



Quicksilver, in flasks of 76* lbs 840,000 



Petroleum, bbls. of 42 gallons 76,594,600 



From the published statements of the Chief of the Bureau of Sta- 

 tistics we present the following details, showing the quantities and 

 values of articles imported into and exported from the United States 

 during the fiscal year ending June 30th, 1876 : 



MERCHANDISE. 



Exports, domestic (gold value) $525,582,247 



Exports, foreign *' 14,802,424 



$540,384,671 

 Imports 460,741,190 



Excess of exports over imports $79,643,481 



SPECIE AND BULLION. 



Exports $56,506,302 



Imports 15,936,681 



Excess of exports over imports $40,569,621 



A comparison of these figures with those of the year immediately 

 preceding shows that we exported thirty millions less specie and 

 bullion in the last than in the preceding year ; and that our exports 

 of merchandise exceeded our imports by nearly eighty millions, the 

 balance of trade being more in our favor than for many years. 



To supplement the above, we may apf)end, in conclusion, the fol- 

 lowing facts concerning our internal commerce, as gleaned from 

 Poor's Railroad Manual for 1876. It appears from this very reliable 

 w^ork that the tonnage of all the railroads in the United States dur- 

 ing the past year was not less than 200,000,000 tons, having in- 

 creased fortyfold during the past twenty-five years ; at $50 per ton, 



