338 ANNUAL RECORD OF SCIENCE AND INDUSTRY. 



from two missionaries who had lived in China for about 

 four years. In all probability it was obtained by the con- 

 sumption either of fish or of shell-fish. An illustration of 

 the rarity of parasitic worms is given by Dr. Cobbold. 

 Sttephanurus dentatus, a large nematode worm, was originally 

 discovered by Natterer at Barra do Rio Negro, Brazil, in 

 1834. He found it infesting a Chinese variety of the common 

 hog. It was shortly afterward described and figured by 

 Diesing. Thirty-five years after (1869), Professor Yerrill 

 described what he very naturally supposed to be a new ento- 

 zoon infesting the hogs of the United States, under the name 

 ^cler stoma pin guicola. "Specimens of these worms, how- 

 ever, having been forwarded to me by Professor Fletcher, of 

 Indianapolis, I at once saw that Verrill's Sclerostomata were 

 the Stephamiri of Diesing and Natterer. Subsequently also 

 I detected this self-same entozoon in a batch of parasites sent 

 from Australia." Journal of the Linnman Society^ London. 



EMBRYOLOGY OF GASTEOPODS. 



Dr. N. Bobretzky, of Kiew, to whom we owe invaluable 

 works on the developmental histories of Astac2is, J^almmon, 

 and Oniscus^ has recently published in the Archiv fur Micro- 

 scopischer Anatomie a memoir on the embryonic development 

 of Gastropoda. His observations relate almost exclusively to 

 the marine forms of iV^6^s, JSfatica^ and Fusus^ and were made 

 in Dr. Dohrn's zoological station at Naples. Six plates il- 

 lustrate the work, which is remarkable for the fact that the 

 studies of which it gives an account are the first in which the 

 method of cutting sections has been applied to the examina- 

 tion of the very delicate and small eggs and embryos of 

 Gastropod Molluscs. Dr. Bobretzky has also used and rec- 

 ommends a method which consists in hardening the embryo 

 in dilute chromic acid, and then observing it under the mi- 

 croscope as an opaque object. Professor Ray Lankester gives 

 an account, with excellent drawings, of the development of a 

 pond snail, Paludina mvipara. Qiiar. Journal of Microscop- 

 ical Science, October, 1876. 



EEMARKABLE MODE OF DEVELOPMENT IN SALPA. 



Dr. W. K. Brooks has discovered a most anomalous mode 

 of development in the tunicate Salpa, which, it will be re- 



