390 ANNUAL RECORD OF SCIENCE AND INDUSTRY. 



for the latter. Mr. Elliott's report was published some time 

 ago; that of Lieutenant Maynard has just made its appear- 

 ance under a call from the House of Representatives of the 

 14th of December. 



MENHADEN-FISHERY IN 1875. 



From a recent report of the United States Menhaden Oil 

 and Guano Association, presented at its third annual meet- 

 ing at Providence on the 12th of January last, we learn that 

 the number of factories in oj^eration in 18 75 w^as sixty, being 

 four less than in 1874 ; that there were 2633 men employed, 

 an increase of 194. The number of sailinir-vessels was 304, 

 an increase of 21; the number of steam-vessels, 39, an increase 

 of 14. The fish caught in 1874 amounted to over 463,000,000, 

 or 1,877,767 barrels, an increase over the number in 1874 of 

 734,840 barrels. Of oil, 2,681,487 gallons were made in 1875, 

 and 43,620 tons of guano. The capital invested for 1876 is 

 12,650,000, an increase of $150,000 over that of the previous 

 year. 



Reference is made to the announcement by the Hon. S. L. 

 Goodale, of Saco, Maine, of a practical application of men- 

 haden in the form of a fish-extract for medicinal and culi- 

 nary purposes; this substance, as derived from menhaden, 

 being considered especially nutritious and palatable. This 

 promises to add a very great element of value to the men- 

 haden industry, without in any way afl(ecting the availabil- 

 ity of the crop for the manufacture of oil and scrap. 



As the result of experiments of shipments of scrap during 

 1874, it was announced that 4000 tons had recently been for- 

 warded to Liverpool and Queenstown. It was resolved that 

 all guano and scrap manufactured by members of this asso- 

 ciation shall be sold at the weight taken at the factory of 

 the seller. 



NEW USE FOE THE SCRAP OF THE MOSS-BUNKER. 



The applications of the moss-bunker, menhaden, or pogy, 

 a well-known fish of the herring family, in the manufacture 

 of oil and guano are well understood. The fish when taken 

 for this purpose is first steamed and then subjected to a heavy 

 pressure, by which the oil is squeezed out, and the refuse or 

 scrap left behind. The oil is used in the manufacture of 



