414 ANNUAL RECORD OF SCIENCE AND INDUSTRY. 



son of the great increase in the cost of illumination, so that 

 Gramme has been led to construct small machines of fifty can- 

 dle-power. While these operate very well, the light, how- 

 ever, is not perfectly steady, and the machines found best 

 adapted to practical purposes are those that yield a one hun- 

 dred candle-light. 6 C, June 3, 1875, 215. 



A NEW INCANDESCENT LIGHT. 



Hannecker, taking advantage of the properties of incandes- 

 cence, has obtained a lamp of extraordinary brilliancy by di- 

 recting the flame of a spirit-lamp of special construction and 

 fed by a current of oxygen against a cylinder composed of 

 silicate of lime, magnesia, and olivine, which latter is a natu- 

 ral silicate of magnesia. The cylinder comi^osed of these 

 earths is compressed by hydraulic pressure, in a manner not 

 very different from the method employed for forming the 

 cylinders used in the Prummond light. 3 ^, XXXV., 247. 



AUTOMATIC HYDEAULIC BLOWER FOE GAS-MACHINES. 



A recent invention designed to substitute the meter wheel 

 and weight (or coiled spring), water-wheel, and other devices 

 for driving air gas-machines, consists of the well-known me- 

 chanical device known as the tromb, or water air-pump, in 

 connection with an automatic cut-off valve operated by the 

 rise and fall of the gasometer dome. The whole machine is 

 self-contained, and is completely automatic in its action. 



COMBINED STEEET-LAMP AND FIEE-HYDEANT. 



An invention of this description, which is now attract- 

 ing attention from the heads of fire-departments, is designed 

 to diminish the number of obstructions to the highway, and to 

 afford light in finding the hydrants and operating the engine. 

 The valve is of peculiar construction, operating with a quar- 

 ter turn of the spanner, and aflbrding unimpeded water-way. 



NEAV SAFETT-LANTEEN. 



In Paris, night-watchers of factories and warehouses con- 

 taining highly combustible material are supplied, for safety, 

 with a peculiar lantern. A piece of phosphorus about the 

 size of a pea is introduced into a glass flask, which is then 

 one third filled with boiling olive-oil and closed air-tight with 



