522 ANNUAL RECORD OF SCIENCE AND INDUSTRY. 



pulleys, and prove an invaluable protection against loss of 

 life or injury to the person. 6 7>, XXXIIL, 69. 



THE INDUSTEIAL EMPLOYMENT OF THE LIGHT PRODUCTS 



OF PETROLEUM. 



We have taken the opportunity in these pages, when upon 

 the subject of petroleum and its products, to dwell upon the 

 desirability of the discovery and general introduction of in- 

 dustrial processes by which the lighter products of the re- 

 finery gasoline and the naphthas would be withdrawn 

 from their present frequently dangerous, reprehensible, and 

 illegal uses, and their admirable lighting and heating quali- 

 ties utilized in a manner consistent with common-sense and 

 the safety of life and property. One of the most natural 

 and promising directions in which to look for this consumma- 

 tion is to be found in the efforts of inventors to convert 

 these valuable bat troublesome products into permanent 

 illuminating gases, in which condition their consumption is 

 attended with no danger. 



Caere's carafe ice-machine. 



M. Carre, whose name is well known in connection with 

 the invention of several forms of ice -machines, has lately 

 added to his achievements in this field by designing another 

 contrivance for the same purpose, which, for effectiveness, 

 simplicity, and general utility, if accounts may be credited, 

 bids fair to surpass every thing of this kind that has yet been 

 produced. The new machine can be easily operated by even 

 an inexperienced person after one or two trials, and may be 

 properly designated as a "family ice-machine." 



The essential parts of the apparatus consist of an air-pump, 

 capable of producing a good vacuum, a horizontal cylindrical 

 receiver, partially filled with sulphuric acid, and the carafe or 

 flask, in which the water is frozen, and which is connected 

 with the receiver (and consequently with the pump) by a suit- 

 able pipe or tube provided with a necessary stop-cock. The 

 carafe is suspended from the tube by means of an India-rub- 

 ber ring, which insures an air-tight joint between it and the 

 receiver. The operation of the apparatus is as follows ; The 

 carafe, an ordinary flask with elongated neck and swelled 

 body, is half filled with w^ater, and suspended from the table 



