154 



Metabolism of Healthy Max. 



probably not far from correct, and from the data obtained at this rate of respira- 

 tion, Lossen computes that he exhaled 703 grams of carbon dioxide in 24 hours. 

 He points out that this agrees satisfactorily with the values found by Banke, 

 with an average of 760 grams per 24 hours. 



Dissatisfied with the technique of Lossen's experiments, particularly under 

 conditions with a high rate of ventilation of the lungs, Berg 1 repeated Lossen's 

 experiment with identically the same apparatus, taking certain precautions. 

 The author computes his daily carbon-dioxide elimination as but 600 grams, 

 and compares this with the 760 grams obtained by Banke, 703 grams by Lossen, 

 800 grams by Scharling, and 743 grams by Edward Smith. The author him- 

 self points out, however, that he does not consider his results physiological, as 

 the apparatus used certainly retards respiration. 



Leibermeister " used a respiration chamber somewhat after the Scharling type 

 and determined the carbon-dioxide elimination of 2 men. The first subject was 

 a carpenter, 19 years of age, 165.5 cm. high and weighing 53.5 kilos. The 

 carbon-dioxide elimination for successive one-half-hour periods was 16.4, 16.3, 

 16.9, and 15.9 grams, respectively, averaging 16.4 grams. Five days later the 

 same subject, in four consecutive half-hour periods, exhaled 16.9, 16.4, 16.9, and 

 16.7 grams, respectively, the average for the second experiment being 16.7 grams. 

 A second series of experiments was carried out on a man 42 years of age, 177 cm. 

 high, and weighing 68.5 kilos. In 2 experiments, he exhaled, while lying down 

 and quiet, 15.6 and 14.7 grams of carbon dioxide per half hour. When sleeping 

 heavily he exhaled 12.3 grams in the first experiment, and in the second experi- 

 ment, with two different periods, 12.7 and 12.3 grams, respectively. 



By means of a method involving the use of a mouthpiece and spirometer, 



Speck 3 made a very large number of experiments upon himself, studying the 



respiratory exchange in short periods. He also made a number of experiments 



on other subjects, the results of which have been computed on the basis of the 



carbon-dioxide elimination per hour, and per hour per kilogram of body-weight. 



Such results as are comparable with the experiments reported in this publication 



are given in table 63. 



Table 63. Carbon-dioxide elimination of subjects in experiments 



reported by Speck. 



1 Berg, Deutsch. Archiv f. klin. Med., 1869, 6, p. 291. 



2 Leibermeister, Deutsch. Archiv f. klin. Med., 1870, 7, p. 75. 



3 Speck, Physiologie des Athmens, Leipzig, 1892, p. 209. 



