160 Metabolism of Healthy Max. 



Wolpert * obtained a carbon-dioxide production of a resting man of 25.99, 

 26.89, 2-7.97, and 28.04 grams, respectively, per hour. These values were cal- 

 culated upon a body-weight basis of 70 kilos. Wolpert 2 continued his experi- 

 ments on other individuals at rest, and an average of 3 experiments on a seam- 

 stress with a body-weight of 44 kilos showed an excretion of 22.81 grams of 

 carbon dioxide per hour; with a writer (64 kilos) 2 experiments gave an aver- 

 age of 32.32 grams per hour; with a tailor (49 kilos) 2 experiments gave an 

 average of 26.09 grams; with a lithographer (64 kilos) 2 experiments showed 

 32.32 grams; and with a woman shoe-machine operator (44 kilos) 3 experi- 

 ments showed an average of 22.81 grams; with a draughtsman, body-weight 

 64 kilos, 2 experiments showed an average of 32.32 grams; with a mechanic, 

 body-weigh^ 43 kilos, 2 experiments gave an average of 31.41 grams; with a 

 woman shoemaker, body-weight 62 kilos, the average of 2 experiments was 

 31.49 grams; a man shoemaker, body-weight 47 kilos, gave an average of 29.73 

 grams from 2 experiments. 



In 1904. Jaquet 3 described a new type of respiration apparatus in which 

 he determined not only the carbon dioxide produced, but likewise the oxygen 

 absorbed. In an experiment which lasted 11 hours, the carbon-dioxide produc- 

 tion of the subject, who was 32 years of age and weighed 59.5 kilos, varied from 

 37 grams to 28.2 grams per hour. 



Staehelin, 4 using the same apparatus, reports a number of experiments on 

 himself during the night, and the amounts per hour calculated on the basis of 

 12 hours are given on page 165 of this report. 



With the primary object of studying the gas exchange in pathological cases, 

 Grafe 5 has devised a respiration apparatus consisting of a helmet, and the 

 analyses of the air passing through it are made according to the Jaquet method. 

 The author states, as a result of a number of experiments on healthy men, 

 that he finds the average carbon-dioxide production to equal 3.12 c. c. per 

 minute and per kilogram of body-weight. The value is likewise given for oxygen 

 as 4.04 c. c. The author points out that these values correspond to those 

 given by Magnus-Levy and others working with the Zuntz-Geppert apparatus. 



The earliest reports of the experiments made with the respiration apparatus 

 in the chemical laboratory of Wesleyan University, Middletown, Connecticut, 

 were published in 1897. 8 The results of these earlier experiments, as well as 

 those made subsequently, are included in the tables, consequently it will be un- 

 necessary to mention them further here. 



Conclusions regarding earlier investigations. An examination of the results 

 obtained by different writers in the early literature shows two things: (1) that 



1 Wolpert, ibid., 1896, 26, p. 32. 



2 Wolpert, ibid.. 26, p. 68. 



'Jaquet, Verhandl. Naturf. Gesellsch. Basel, 1904, 15, p. 252. 



* Staehelin, Zeitsehr. f. klin. Med., 1906, 66, p. 201. 



6 Grafe, Deutsch. Archiv f. klin. Med., 1909, 95, p. 529. 



6 Atwater, Woods, and Benedict, U. S. Dept. Agr.. Office Expt. Stas. Bui. 44, 1897. 



