Heat Elimination and Production. 



195 



various times during a period of several years and no particular attention was 

 given to securing uniform muscular activity in all experiments, other than to 

 approximate a minimum amount of muscular activity, it is seen that the varia- 

 tions are not great. 



It is important to recognize that the experiments are not all strictly com- 

 parable, in that there were variations in the minor muscular activity. Further- 

 more, as has been pointed out previously, some of the experiments were made 

 with a fasting subject and in some experiments food was eaten in varying 

 amounts. The results as a whole give an average value which is probably fairly 

 representative of the heat production of normal man. 



RATIO OF HEAT PRODUCED DURING SLEEP TO HEAT PRODUCED DURING WAKING 



HOURS IN REST EXPERIMENTS. 



With a number of the subjects it was possible to compare the heat production 

 during the sleeping hours with that during the waking hours, a ratio that is of 

 interest particularly when compared with the similar ratios for carbon dioxide, 

 water, and oxygen, which have been given in preceding pages of this report. 

 The results of this comparison between sleeping and waking hours are given in 

 table 78, in the first column of which is recorded the heat production per hour 



Table 78. Ratio of heat produced during sleep to that produced during leaking 



hours in rest experiments. 



during sleep, and in the second the heat production per hour during waking 

 hours. Assuming the sleeping value to be 100, it is seen that the ratio of 

 sleeping to awake varies from 100 : 107 with H. E. S., to 100 : 163 with J. F. S. 

 The average of all the subjects shows that the ratio is 100 : 134. The com- 

 parison of the production of heat during sleep to that during work has not as 

 great a value as might at first appear, particularly when we consider that there 

 were many differences in the muscular activity of some of the subjects of these 

 experiments. On the whole, however, the average of all the results would show 

 that a fair comparison can be drawn between the heat production of the same 

 subject when he was asleep, and during waking hours, when he was quietly 



