INDUSTRIAL PROGRESS DURING THE YEAR 1875. cxvii 



April 11, the report has been forwarded. The deepest water 

 obtained during the cruise was found on the 23d of March, 

 in latitude 11 24' north, longitude 143 16' east, amounting 

 to 4475 fathoms. 



A sub-report, by Commander Tizard, has reference to the 

 temperatures of the China, Sulu, Celebes, and Banda seas. It 

 is remarked that the temperatures in the seas of the Indian 

 Archipelago show that they have deep basins, cut off' from 

 the general oceanic circulation by ridges connecting the isl- 

 ands which surround them, and that after reaching a certain 

 depth, representing the height of the ridge in question, the 

 temperature remains the same to the bottom, and is of course 

 much higher than would prevail at the same bottom-depth 

 were it entirely open to the general circulation of the sea. 



Since that date no information has been received in the 

 United States in regard to the movements of the Challenger, 

 beyond the telegraphic announcement of her arrival at Val- 

 paraiso on the 19th of November. 



The Norwegian Legislature has, it is said, voted the sum 

 of $24,000 for the purpose of prosecuting deep-sea investiga- 

 tions between Iceland, Spitzbergen, the Faroe Islands, and 

 Jan-Mayen Island, the operations to be based upon the model 

 of those of the Challenger. 



The United States steamer the Swatara, which w T as detailed 

 for service in the American Transit of Venus Expedition, and 

 of which mention was made in the Record for 1874, left Ho- 

 bart Town on the 17th of February, 1875, and reached Mel- 

 bourne on the 19th. On the 1st of March the homeward voy- 

 age was entered upon. Tierra del Fuego was sighted on the 

 3d of April, and the equator crossed on the 6th of May, in longi- 

 tude 38. A short stop was made at Barbadoes on the 16th 

 of May, just eleven weeks from Melbourne, for the purpose 

 of securing a supply of water, and on the 20th she left for 

 New York, where she arrived on the 31st of May, or one year 

 after she had left that city in 1875. She brought back a large 

 number of collections of natural history, gathered in Ker- 

 guelen Island, in Tasmania, in Australia, and at Chatham 

 Island, by officers and members of the expedition, prominent 

 among which were Dr. J. G. Kidder and Dr. Kershner, sur- 

 geons of the Sicatara, Mr. J. B. Russell and Mr. Smith of the 

 Coast Survey. 



