INDUSTRIAL PROGRESS DURING THE YEAR 1875. cxxvii 



tory and zoology has seldom been equaled, and we may 

 safely say that, so far as the vertebrates are concerned, the 

 zoology of Costa Rica is almost as well known as that of 

 the United States. His work in reference to the ethnology 

 of the tribes has also been extremely important. A full se- 

 ries of his collections, biological and ethnological, has been 

 placed by Dr. Gabb in the National Museum at Washington. 



Agja, The London Geographical Magazine^ which consti- 

 tutes so complete and exhaustive an exponent of geograph- 

 ical progress, in reviewing the third edition of Colonel Wal- 

 ker's map of Turkistan, takes occasion to give a statement of 

 our knowledge of the progress of geography in Central Asia 

 within the last two years. It remarks that the work of the 

 mission to Kashgaria, under Sir Douglas Forsyth, is especial- 

 ly full of important results, among which are enumerated the 

 correct fixing of the position of certain important towns by 

 astronomical observations, and the survey of about three 

 thousand miles of route lines. The longitude of Kashgar 

 was established at 76 6' 47" east of Greenwich. 



Numerous changes of the previous geography in Central 

 Asia, also, resulted from the labors of the Havildar employed 

 on the great trigonometrical survey of the region of the 

 Oxus, with the aid of a Mollah, an assistant of the Havildar. 



Another exploration, the materials of which are made use 

 of in Colonel Walker's map, is that in Great Thibet, by the 

 Pandit who was connected with the expedition of Major 

 Montgomerie. 



The same journal also furnishes an account of the Olena 

 expedition of the Russian Geographical Society, which left 

 Irkutsk, under the direction of Cherandoski and Miiller, in 

 1873, for the purpose of penetrating to the sources of the 

 Olena River, and thence to the shores of the Arctic Ocean. 

 This was carried on with varying success, and on the 1st of 

 November, 1874, the travelers reached the mouth of the Ole- 

 na, having thus completed the first part of the enterprise. 



No very recent information has been published in regard 

 to the operations of the present year, but it was expected 

 that the basins of the Anabara and Khatanga would be in- 

 vestigated. 



This expedition has added a great deal to the knowledge 

 of the geography of Siberia, and the magnetical observations 



