cxxx GENERAL SUMMARY OF SCIENTIFIC AND 



by plantations, having a population of from two to three 

 thousand souls. After a time the inhabitants were induced 

 to supply provisions ; but the sight of Stanley's stores led 

 to an attack on his camp, which was repulsed with a loss of 

 fifteen on the part of the enemy. A second attack w T as also 

 repulsed, when Stanley sent out four parties with orders to 

 destroy the villages and to seize the cattle. He lost at this 

 time twenty-one men, and on the 23d he left with a stock of 

 provisions for six days. 



On the 28th he reached Mgongo Membo, in Iramba, where 

 he found that out of the 314 men with whom he left the 

 coast only 194 remained. Proceeding farther toward the 

 lake, and penetrating through the jungle bounding the west- 

 ern side of the basin of what is apparently an arm of the 

 Nyanza, Stanley entered Usukuma, which he describes as a 

 densely populated country, abounding in cattle, and finally 

 reached the Nyanza on the 27th of February, 1875, at Ka- 

 gehyi, one of the principal ports resorted to by slave-dealers, 

 in the district of Uchambi. Here his force numbered only 

 three Europeans and 166 natives. A careful discussion of 

 the temperature of the boiling point indicated an altitude 

 of 3808 feet, the aneroid giving 3550 to 3675 feet. 



At Kagehyi Mr. Stanley launched a light boat which he 

 had carried in pieces from the coast, and embarking on the 

 8th of March, with a picked crew, he circumnavigated the 

 lake in 57 days. He found the physical aspect of the shores 

 to vary considerably, in places being quite high, and again 

 composed of marshy plains. The island of Ukerewe, per- 

 haps the largest in the lake, was found to abound in cattle 

 and ivory. As his circumnavigation continued, numerous 

 encounters took place with the natives, in all of which Stan- 

 ley was victorious. 



At Beyal Island Stanley was welcomed by a fleet of ca- 

 noes, sent by King M'tesa, of whom he speaks in the highest 

 terms. The king and his officers now profess Islamism, and 

 dress in Arab costume ; but he is, nevertheless, said to be 

 anxious to receive Christian missionaries. The daily butch- 

 ery of men and women has been stopped entirely. On this 

 expedition* Mr. Stanley had the good fortune to meet M. Li- 

 nant de Bellefonds, one of Colonel Gordon's officers, to whom 

 he intrusted a letter. This young officer, with thirty-six of 



