284 ANNUAL RECORD OF SCIENCE AND INDUSTRY. 



or three miles below, in the canon of the main stream, was a 

 well-preserved two-story house, standing upon a bench ele- 

 vated fifty feet above the valley, and overhung by a great 

 roof of rock that effectually shielded it from the storms. 

 Near by was a great natural reservoir filled with good water. 

 Another five or six miles and the canon of the De Chelly 

 opened out into a great valley, from one to three miles in 

 width, and extending up to the foot of the great caiion near 

 Fort Defiance. Twenty-five to thirty-five miles above the 

 Bonito are some peculiar table-rocks and monuments that 

 form notable landmarks. The ruins are now scarce, only a 

 few being met with in the caves at the side of the valley. 

 The bottom lands bear the impress of very numerous ruins 

 adobie very likely that are now almost entirely obliterated, 

 and would hardly be noticed were it not for the broken pot- 

 tery. 



At the head of the valley of the De Chelly the trail turn- 

 ed off to the southwest just above the upper edge of the 

 great white mesa. Taking only two others, Mr. Barber and 

 Lee, the guide, and sending the remainder of the train back 

 some fifty miles, where there was suitable grazing, Mr. Jack- 

 son continued over to the Moquis Pueblos, seventy-five miles 

 distant, with only the photographic apparatus and supplies 

 for five days. Tequa was reached by noon of the following 

 day. As these Pueblos have been so frequently described 

 and illustrated, the party spent only two days and a half 

 among the six most easterly towns, viz., Tequa, Se-chum-e- 

 way, Moqui, Moo-sha-neh, Shong-a-pah-wee, and She-paul-a- 

 wee. Photographs of each of these were made, and also 

 many sketches illustrating their habits, dress, and occupa- 

 tions. Collections of recent and ancient pottery and tools, 

 and other objects of interest, were likewise secured. The 

 comparison between the workmanship of the northern town- 

 builders and these Moquis was very much in favor of the 

 former. The highest perfection was reached in the cliff- 

 houses of the Rio Mancos, where some of the houses were 

 marvels of finish and durability; and then, traveling toward 

 the Moquis, there is a gradual merging of one style into the 

 other, from the neatly cut rock and correct angles to the 

 comparatively crude buildings now inhabited. 



Retracing their steps to the San Juan, at the mouth of the 



