K. DOMESTIC AND HOUSEHOLD ECONOMY 447 



of bitter almonds and oil of cinnamon were found to have a 

 similar effect, but far less in degree; while oil of turpentine, 

 oil of cloves, benzine, carbolic acid, bisulphide of carbon, and 

 sulphurated, hydrogen were almost without effect, at least 

 when used in the proportion given for oil of mustard. The 

 additional statement, by Schalbe, that casein was converted 

 into albumen by the addition of oil of mustard, and the sug- 

 gestion that a cheap method for the manufacture of albumen 

 might be based upon this fact, were not fully sustained by 

 the experiments of Vogel, since the milk thus treated did not 

 always coagulate on boiling. 5 C, XL VII, 1874, 375. 



CONVENIENT PREPARATION OF CARBONATED WATER. 



An ordinary siphon-bottle is employed by Gawalouski, of 

 Prague, instead of the usual Liebig's apparatus, by placing in 

 it, when filled with water, a small tin tube closed with a 

 screw cap, and supplied near the top with several holes about 

 one tenth of an inch wide, and charged, for a two-quart bottle, 

 by placing in it 240 grains of bicarbonate of soda, and upon 

 it a small perforated tin disk, and then 210 grains of tartaric 

 acid. The water passing into the tube causes the develop- 

 ment of carbonic acid. 14 C, CCXIII., 1874, 402. 



CHEAP PREPARATION OF GOOD VINEGAR. 



Place an iron-bound oak or beech cask, supplied with a 

 hole half an inch in diameter directly above the spigot, and 

 about one and a half inches below the bung stave, in a cellar 

 that is close and warm in winter, or in some place of similar 

 temperature ; first, fill it up to the air-hole with about four 

 gallons of good vinegar (free, however, from purified wood- 

 vinegar, which hinders the formation of vinegar), and allow 

 it to remain for fifteen days, until the wood is thoroughly 

 saturated with it ; then draw off from one to one and a half 

 gallons into a second cask, and replace it with as much water, 

 to which a pint of alcohol, free from fusel-oil, has been added. 

 After two or three weeks, again draw off one and a half gal- 

 lons into the second cask, and replace it in like manner with 

 boiling water and alcohol, and repeat this operation every 

 two weeks. To render the resemblance to wine-vinegar per- 

 fect it is only necessary to dissolve some pure tartar in it, 

 and to color it with burnt sugar. 34 (7, XXL, 1874, 163. 



