702 MOSQUITOES OF NORTH AMERICA 



at tip and a stout digit. Eyes large, pointed. Both pairs of dorsal head-hairs 

 and ante-antennal tuft multiple. Mental plate triangular, a central tooth and ten 

 on each side becoming slightly larger and more remote basally. Mandible quad- 

 rangular, elongate, a few blunt spinules toward the base; two filaments near tip, 

 one of which is short; an outer row of cilia from a collar; ten filaments and two 

 hairs on outer edge; dentition of three teeth on a prominence, preceded by a 

 stout tooth with two stout ones at base, a broad filament and five feathered hairs 

 within ; process below furcate, with groups of hairs ; basal prominence large, with 

 six filamentous hairs within; five large hairs at base. Maxilla elongate, con- 

 stricted subapically, the tip truncate, divided by a band-shaped suture ; inner 

 half with stout hairs on the margin, a row near middle and a long suture; a 

 crown of long hairs at tip; outer half with two long filaments outwardly upon 

 the suture and a spine on the other side ; palpus with wide base and four minute 

 digits at tip. Thorax rounded, wider than long ; hairs abundant, not long, the 

 subdorsal prothoracic ones in fours. Abdomen moderately stout, the anterior 

 segments shorter; hairs moderate, the laterals of first segment multiple, double 

 on second to sixth; secondary hairs few, but the subdorsal tufts of third to 

 seventh segments rather long. Tracheal tubes broad, band-shaped, slightly 

 expanded in the segments. Air-tube stout, tapered on apical half, three times 

 as long as wide; pecten reaching nearly to middle, the teeth evenly spaced, the 

 single tooth a long spine with wide base and two subdorsal branches ; a multiple 

 tuft at middle, beyond pecten. Lateral comb of eighth segment of many scales 

 in a triangular patch; single scale elongate, fringed with spines of which the 

 apical one is longest, the subapical ones being only about half as long. Anal 

 segment longer than wide, the dorsal plate reaching two-thirds of the way down 

 the sides, straight on lateral margin ; dorsal tuft a brush and long hair on either 

 side; a single lateral hair; ventral brush well developed but short, the tufts pre- 

 ceding barred area running up the ventral line nearly to base. Anal gills very 

 short, bud-shaped, about one-third as long as the segment. 



The larvffi occur in seaside pools and marshes, containing salt or fresh water. 

 They appear in the pools after the larvae of A'edes sollicitans are gone, and also 

 in pools further from the sea, such as sollicitans does not inhabit. The species 

 is not found, however, in inland pools. A brood develops whenever the pools 

 are filled by high tides or by rains. Professor Smith has studied the species in 

 New Jersey and says : 



" Eggs are laid in places and as described for sollicitans. There are more 

 of them, however, and they are a trifle larger. On the whole, under ordinary 

 conditions, larvae are found nearer the upland and rarely on the upland itself. 

 In such cases they are probably from exceptional females developing eggs after 

 leaving the marsh. 



" As to the water, it may be fresh or salt or anything intermediate, but, on the 

 whole, fresh water pools formed by rains or by drainage from the highland are 

 preferred. In an exceptional season like 1904, tide pools are just as well filled 

 as the others. 



" The eggs hatch just as readily as those of sollicitans, and when young it is 

 almost impossible to distinguish the two species. As they become larger the 

 maculate head of cantator hecomes obvious, and then it resembles twniorhynclius 

 so closely that without a lens it is impossible to discriminate between them. 

 When full grown the shorter tube of the latter species and the somewhat larger 

 size of cantator give a basis for a distinction which it requires experience to 

 make. The pupa does not differ obviously from the others with which it is 

 found. 



" As to the number of broods, that depends upon the weather ; but in mid- 

 summer, when the marshes become egg-covered, every heavy rain or extra tide 



