348 ANNUAL KECORD OF SCIENCE AND INDUSTRY. 



growth of the bony substance, but by greater activity in the 

 develoj^ment of the cartilage cells, since, as in natural growth, 

 it is the cartilage w^hich forms the principal and most exclu- 

 sive agent in increasing the length of bone. 1 B^ April 13, 

 1873,19. 



NEW FOSSILS DISCOVERED BY PROFESSOR COPE. 



Professor Cope, under date of July 15, publishes notes of 

 some new extinct mammalia from the tertiary deposits of 

 the Rocky Mountain region. One of these he names JEluro- 

 clo7i mustellnus, an animal about the size of the domestic cat. 

 Another is the Aceratherium megalodus^ which he character- 

 izes as about the size of an Indian rhinoceros, but with much 

 larger teeth. In some respects it has decided relations to 

 the genus rhinoceros. 



ANTIQUITIES OF THE SOUTHERN INDIANS. 



N^o more imj^ortant work on the subject of American eth- 

 nology has appeared since the Smithsonian Institution pub- 

 lished the memoir of Squier and Davis on the Aboriginal 

 Monuments than the Avork by Charles C. Jones, of New 

 York, on " The Antiquities of the Southern Indians" (particu- 

 larly of the Georgia tribes), which has just left the press of 

 Appleton & Co. Colonel Jones has been known for many 

 years as a historian and ethnologist, and he has published 

 several important papers on the early history of Georgia. 



In the present volume, which is well illustrated by thirty 

 plates, we find a reproduction of some of these earlier me- 

 moirs, w^oven into a connected whole, with the introduction 

 of much new matter. The descriptions of objects are based 

 almost exclusively upon specimens in the author's collection. 

 The significance of the aboriginal remains in the Southern 

 States is elucidated by reference to the writings of John 

 Bartram and other early historians, who visited the country 

 when the Indians Avere very numerous, and in the full exer- 

 cise of all their rights and of all their avocations. Their 

 manners and customs are treated of successively in detail, and 

 a great deal of light is thrown upon what has been general- 

 ly considered verj'- obscure in connection wdth these people. 



The different kinds of mounds are discussed ; whether 

 those of observation and retreat, those used as sites of houses 



