Ixxviii GENERAL SUMMARY OF SCIENTIFIC AND 



Tangier. Light-haired populations with an European cast of 

 features live in the neighborhood of the dolmens, and Gen- 

 eral Faidherbc considers it as probable that these monuments 

 owe their orii^in to a lio:ht-haired race comins; from the north 

 of Europe. 



Mr. E. Riviere, who is about to publish a work on the cel- 

 ebrated caves of Mentone, Italy (where a complete human 

 skeleton, accompanied by liint implements, skulls, etc., was 

 found in 1872), continues his researches at that place. Every 

 day he collects no less than one hundred and fifty pieces, such 

 as bones, flints, shells, and even human remains. Only a short 

 time ago he discovered human bones in juxtaposition with 

 pierced shells and stag's teeth, also perforated to serve as 

 ornaments or amulets. Accordino- to the latest accounts, 

 he has brought to light a second human skeleton, accom- 

 panied by the bones of the cave -bear, cave -hyena, urus, 

 horse, etc., together with numerous implements of flint and 

 bone. No traces of pottery thus far have been found in 

 these caves. 



The discoveries of Dr. Henry Schliemann in the plain of 

 Troy, Asia Minor, have attracted much attention. He made 

 in the preceding year excavations north of the village of Bu- 

 narbashi, and to the east of the Scamander River, which re- 

 sulted, according to his opinion, in the discovery of the site 

 of ancient Troy. Whether or not Dr. Schliemann has been 

 successful in pointing out the place where Homer's renowned 

 city stood, his researches have, nevertheless, led to important 

 results, disclosing, as it were, three different phases of civil- 

 ization in tolerably distinct layers on the same spot. The 

 upper stratum contained no remains of stone buildings, wood 

 having doubtless been used in their erection. In the next 

 were found the ruins of dwellings made of sun-burned bricks, 

 together with stone and copper implements and pottery, of a 

 character to impress the explorer with the belief that these 

 relics were left by a people of the Aryan stock. The lowest 

 layer, finally, disclosed massive masonry, consisting of large 

 stone blocks joined with clay. Here were also found the re- 

 mains of what Dr. Schliemann supposes to have been a tower, 

 which was built upon the natural rock. The pottery found 

 among these debris, which he ascribes to the Troyans, indi- 

 cated taste, and, in general, a state of civilization far sur^^ass- 



