390 ANNUAL RECORD OF SCIENCE AND INDUSTRY. 



ing out fleas. For the purpose of expelling lice from the 

 bodies of the pigeons, the proposed method is said to be to 

 mix one j^art of Calvert's liquid carbolic acid with thirty 

 parts of water, first mixing the acid with a very little glyce- 

 rine, adding the water, and shaking well before use. This is 

 to be applied with a small brush' to the roots of the feathers 

 about the lower part of the belly and around the vent, where 

 the greatest number of insects will always be found. This 

 application leaves no stain, kills the vermin instantaneously 

 wherever it touches them, and two or three applications, at 

 intervals of a few days, are sufiicient to make the foulest spec- 

 imen thoroughly clean. The writer also uses Calvert's car- 

 bolic acid disinfecting powder, dusting it often over the bod- 

 ies of even the young birds, without injury to them, and 

 with equally good results. 19 A, August 17, 1872, 173. 



DESTKUCTION OF INSECTS IN POULTEY-HOUSES. 



Fumigating poultry-houses with sulphur, thrown on glow- 

 ing coals in an earthen vessel, and keeping the house closed 

 for several hours, is said to be a perfect remedy for insects 

 of all kinds. The poultry must, of course, be removed before 

 the <}xperiment. 16 C,Y1., 173. 



SUBSTITUTE FOR MILK FOR CALVES. 



An article of food for calves, suggested by Liebig, analo- 

 gous to his substitute for milk for children, has been thor- 

 oughly tested by Von Rothenhan, with the most favorable 

 results. Its cost is about half that of milk ; it is easier to pre- 

 pare than other substitutes for milk of an inferior character, 

 and which are not as eagerly taken by the calf; and it never 

 produces diarrhoea nor other injurious consequences. For 

 the latter reason it is also specially adapted to young pigs. 

 It may be prepared as follows : 1 quart of water, 1 quart of 

 skimmed milk, 1130 grains of bruised malt, 1130 grains of 

 wheat flour, and 90 to 100 drops of a solution of bicarbonate 

 of potash in 11 parts of water, are stirred together, allowed 

 to stand for half an hour, then well boiled, with stirring, and 

 finally filtered through gauze to remove undissolved flour, 

 etc., which might cause flatulence, etc. It will keep 24 hours, 

 and must be prepared daily, and given warm. For the first 

 six weeks all the milk is given the calf, then the mixture is 



