INDUSTRIAL PROGRESS DURING THE YEAR 1873. ci 



sists in an intercellular oozing out of the exudation, or wheth- 

 er it takes place in the cells themselves ? They can say noth- 

 ing precise on this point ; but the principle which renders lu- 

 minous for several minutes the substance of broken cells acts 

 like noctilucine^ a phosphorescent coagulable azotized {azote) 

 principle obtained by Phipson in 1871 from the luminous 

 mucus of certain Scolopendrce, fishes, etc. 



The Vertebrate animals of our country have been noticed 

 in various papers by Messrs. Leidy, Marsh, Cope, Gill, Put- 

 nam, Coues, Allen, Baird, Ridgway, Merriam, and others; 

 while the fossil forms have been described by Leidy and Cope 

 in extensive and fully illustrated works published by Hay- 

 den's Survey of the Territories. The fossils of Europe and 

 other countries have been studied by a number of naturalists, 

 including Professor Owen, A.Milne-Edwards, Gervais, Capel- 

 lini, and others. Foremost among the important discoveries 

 is that of a type of a new sub-class of birds, having teeth, the 

 Odontornithes of Marsh. A large number of remarkable 

 forms, some servina: as intermediate links between orders 

 and sub-orders of vertebrates, have been discovered by Messrs. 

 Marsh and Cope in the Rocky Mountain tertiary and creta- 

 ceous rocks. These authors have published important pa- 

 pers on the gigantic mammals called JEohasileus^ etc. The 

 splendid monograph of Professor Leidy on the extinct ver- 

 tebrate fauna of the West is one of the products of Hayden's 

 Survey of the Territories. The same author has also written 

 on the extinct mammals of California, on fossil vertebrates 

 from the miocene rocks of Virginia, and fossil fishes from 

 Wyoming Territory. Professor Marsh has during the past 

 season made very extensive private collections of vertebrate 

 fossils in the far West. Among a large number of new mam- 

 mals obtained by Mr. Cope in the Hayden explorations in 

 the "bad lands" of Colorado are a series of horned species 

 related to the rhinoceros, but possessing some features resem- 

 bling the elephant. They stood high on the legs and had 

 short feet, but possessed osseous horns in pairs on different 

 parts of the head. One of the largest species (Miohasileus 

 02yhryas) had a huge horn over each eye, while another had 

 one on each side of the nose, and more than a foot in length, 

 resembling those on the back part of the head of the ox, etc. 

 A third one, of larger size than the last, had rudimental horns 



