cxvi GENERAL SUMMARY OF SCIENTIFIC AND 



With a view of securing a sufficient supply of the eggs of 

 the California salmon^ Mr. Livingston Stone, as in the pre- 

 vious year, was sent out to the United States salmon-breed- 

 ing camp on the McCloud River, near Mount Shasta, where he 

 obtained about a million and a half of eggs, which were ship- 

 ped to the East (a portion to Utah), and about half of them 

 successfully hatched out, at various state and private estab- 

 lishments, and placed in different streams in the Northern, 

 Middle, and Western States. The more important waters 

 supplied are several streams in Maine and Massachusetts, the 

 Connecticut, Hudson, Delaware, and Potomac rivers. Lake 

 Champlain, Lake Ontario, Lake Erie, and Lake Michigan, and 

 the Ohio River. 



During the year, also, the establishment at Bucksport, 

 Maine, under Mr. Atkins, continued its operations on an en- 

 larged scale and with very satisfactory success. While the 

 salmon are seined when wanted on the McCloud, at this es- 

 tablishment they are purchased living from the fishermen, 

 who capture them in weirs'in the months of June and July, 

 and place them in a large pond, to await the period of repro- 

 duction. Here they remain until October or November, when 

 the instinct of spawning seizes them, and they run down into 

 the outlet of the pond, where the hatching-works are situ- 

 ated. The spawn is removed by gentle pressure into a ves- 

 sel, and fertilized, and the parent fish returned alive to the 

 water, and allowed ultimately to run down to the sea. Pre- 

 viously, however, they are marked by a label, so as to de- 

 termine w^hether any come back again ; and in this event to 

 ascertain the growth and increase of weight in the interval, 

 their orio^inal lensjth and weisfht beincr recorded. 



These eggs are then brought forward to a proper de- 

 gree of development, and finally distributed to State Com- 

 missioners, by whom the operation is completed, and the 

 young placed in the public waters of the states. It is ex- 

 pected that, as the result of the operations of these two estab- 

 lishments during 1873, not far from three million (3,000,000) 

 young salmon will be planted in the eastern, middle, and 

 northern waters of the United States, including those placed 

 in the tributaries of the Great Salt Lake. 



Another enterprise of a similar character has been the erec- 

 tion of an establishment for the hatching of the eggs of land- 



