496 ANNUAL RECORD OF SCIENCE AND INDUSTRY. 



in, but, since the air inclosed ought to be dry, the glazing 

 should be done when the air is in the best condition in that 

 respect. Ice crystals, of course, never form on such windows. 

 34: C, April 1,187 3,1 Q. 



CONICAL AVASTE-PIPES. 



It is found that freezing of the waste-pipes of kitchen sinks, 

 etc., may be prevented by making them tapering toward the 

 tap, so that any tliin ice that may form on them may fall 

 away by slight change of temperature, and complete stop- 

 page can not take place even in continuous cold weather. 

 Pipes about twenty-six feet long, about three inches wLde at 

 the top, and from 5.9 to 6.3 inches at the bottom, have proved 

 very efficient, and cost little more than the usual cylindrical 

 ones. 13 C, March 15, 1873, 395. 



REMOVAL OF INK SPOTS FKOM COLOEED FABRICS. 



A solution of pyrophosphate of soda, it is said, will quickly 

 remove fresh ink stains (old ones less so), without affecting 

 the colors of the fabric, as is the result when oxalic acid, 

 chloride of lime, and chlorine water are made use of. 15 C, 

 XIIL, 1872. 



RENDERING FOWLS TENDER. 



It is stated, on the authority of a German cook, that tur- 

 keys and other fowls can be rendered unusually tender, if a 

 glass of rum be poured into them an hour before killing, even 

 if they are roasted immediately after being killed. 9 C, 

 Ilarch, 1 873, 43. 



GLUE FOR PARCHMENT PAPER IN MAKING SAUSAGE SKINS. 



The secret of the composition of the glue employed for 

 fastening the parchment paper of the artificial skins for sau- 

 sages, and which resists boiling water and all forms of moist- 

 ure, seems to be well kept; but the one indicated by Dr. 

 Stinde, in the Photographisches Archiv, is claimed to be equal 

 to it in all respects, if not indeed identical. Add to one 

 quart of a good adhesive solution of gelatine or glue 370 to 

 440 grains of finely powdered bichromate of potash. Warm 

 the mixture slightly on a Mater-bath when about to use it^ 

 and before applying it moisten the pnrcliment paper. The 



