580 ANNUAL "RECORD OF SCIENCE AND INDUSTRY. 



sumac, and subsequent treatment with weak solution of green 

 vitriol; greenish gray being obtained by addition of fustic 

 and loo'wood, or fustic and precipitated indigo to the sumac 

 liquid. Any of the aniline colors, in solution, may be employ- 

 ed by simply brushing them on without further treatment. 

 In place of a brush, a sponge may be employed when more 

 suitable. The favorite bluish cast may be imparted to the 

 black gloves by washing them off with ammonia after color- 

 ing. The stitching may be preserved white, if desirable, by 

 coating with flour paste with some fat in it. 15 (7, 1873, 

 IV., 52. 



FIXING ANILINE COLOES ON COTTON BY TANNIN AND 



GELATINE. 



It is suggested by Austerlitz that passing a piece of cotton 

 mordanted with tannin through a weak solution of glue or 

 gelatine, before dyeing, renders much less tannin necessary 

 for a given shade in fixing aniline colors, such as fuchsin, 

 iodine green, etc., than when, as usual, tannin alone is em- 

 ployed. Owing to the variableness of quality of tannin, he 

 was unable to give a numerical statement of his comparative 

 tests ; but any one can make them by using tannin and tan- 

 nin and gelatine, in the latter case gradually weakening the 

 tannin until precisely the same tint is obtained, and then 

 comparing the concentration of the two tannin-baths. 13 C, 

 April 1, 1873, 469. 



A NEAV ANILINE KED. 



According to F. Hamel, the addition of a few drops of 

 chloride of sulphur to 375 grains of aniline, in a flask, w^ith 

 continued, careful stirring, produces, in from five to ten min- 

 utes, sometimes immediately, a red solid, which, when treat- 

 ed with acetic acid and filtered, gives a red liquid that yields 

 on evaporation a brilliant black substance, soluble in acetic 

 acid, ether, and alcohol. Addition of water to its solution in 

 any of these produces a gray precipitate. 25 (7, 1873, 90. 



MOEDANT FOR ANILINE COLOES ON COTTON. 



Until recently aniline colors have been fixed on cotton by 

 treatment with animal matter, as albumen, caseine, gelatine, 

 or with galls, sumac, tannin, as well as by the use of raor- 



