596 ANNUAL RECORD OF SCIENCE AND INDUSTRY. 



toluol, some xylol, and only traces of cumol and cymol, were 

 obtained at a j^roper temperature, from which pure benzole 

 was more easily prepared than from the light oils. By using 

 earthen retorts, at higher than the usual temperature, with 

 increase of charge, the quantity of gas was increased, its 

 quality unimpaired, and the solid constituents of the tar in- 

 creased. Behrensthen gives the methods for separating the 

 constituents by fractional distillation, as well as some of their 

 uses. 13 C, March 1, 1873, 322. 



PURIFICATION OF TALLOW. 



Treutlen states that tallow treated in the following way is 

 almost odorless, can be preserved in this condition in earthen 

 vessels covered with 'bladder, paper, or tight covers for a 

 long time, and can be used for cooking, for pomade, salves, 

 etc. The fresh tallow, thoroughly melted in boiling water, 

 is pressed with it while hot through a linen strainer, boiled 

 again, and carefully skimmed, then cooled to solidification, 

 washed with water, and finally carefully freed from water by 

 pressure, then fused at a moderate temperature, and put in 

 earthen vessels. 14 C, 1873, CCVIL, 510. 



APPLICATION OF BISULPHIDE OF CARBON. 



The employment of bisulphide of carbon has of late be- 

 come greatly extended, and the substance is now manufact- 

 ured on a very large scale in various establishments, and 

 employed in many branches of the arts. Until 1850 its only 

 technical application was to the vulcanizing and dissolving 

 of India rubber, but it is now, according to Dr. Wagner, put 

 to the following uses, among others, which he mentions : 1. 

 For the complete extraction of fat from bones for the prepa- 

 ration of bone-black. Ten or twelve per cent, of fat can be 

 obtained. 2. For the extraction of oil from seeds and olives. 

 Large quantities of olive-oil, rape-oil, linseed-oil, hemp-seed- 

 oil, palm-oil, and cotton-seed-oil are obtained in this manner. 



3. For the extraction of sulphur from sulphurous earth (ac- 

 cording to Mossu), and of bitumen from bituminous rocks. 



4. For separating fat from wool, woolen tissues, and rags from 

 machine shops, by Seyferth's patent. 5. For the extraction 

 of the soluble principles of spices, according to the process 

 of Boniere, of liouen, France. 6. For the manufacture of 



