E. MINEKALOGY AND GEOLOGY. 199 



and associated with others which have become exotics. 1 B^ 

 February 3, 1873, 290. 



ROCKY MOUNTAIN FOSSIL. 



Professor Meek announces the existence of primordial 

 species among the fossils collected by Dr. Hayden, in 1872, 

 from near Gallatin City, Montana a very important geo- 

 logical fact. He has also found carboniferous fossils in various 

 localities. Some of these are from the "divide" between 

 Koss's Fork and Lincoln Valley, Montana, embracing many 

 of the same species as occur in the noted Spurgeon Hill lo- 

 cality, in Indiana, of the age of the St. Louis limestone. 



COAL IN PERU. 



Much gratification is felt in Peru at the discovery of a new 

 coal deposit near Pisco, w^hich is said to ber one of the best 

 and richest on the Pacific coast, and the locomotives on the 

 lea and Pisco Railway are using it with great success. The 

 mine is situated close to the sea, and near a perfectly safe 

 harbor, and the coal is said to be finer in quality than any 

 in Chili, and of great extent, and, if so, must prove to be of 

 very great economical value. Panama Star and Herald, 

 J!fay9, 1873. 



GEOLOGICAL AGE OF WYOMING COAL. 



Among other communications to the Dubuque meeting of 

 the American Association was one by Professor Cope upon 

 the geological age of the coal of Wyoming. The professor 

 was enoraojed during: the whole of last summer in makinsc ex- 

 plorations into the paleontology of the Rocky Mountains, in 

 connection with Dr. Hayden's expedition, and as the result 

 of his inquiries he comes to the conclusion that the great 

 coal area of Wyoming lies within the limits of the cretaceous 

 formation. It is surrounded to the west and south, and per- 

 haps to the north, with eocene tertiary beds, and the appear- 

 ance of the country indicates that a smaller lapse of time 

 than is usual has separated the periods of their deposit. He 

 states that no cretaceous types of vertebrates have yet been 

 found in any of these tertiaries. The principal ground upon 

 which the professor bases his decision is the discovery, at 

 Black Buttes, of part of the skeleton of a dinosaurian, a por- 



