206 



BACTERIA IN RELATION TO PLANT DISEASES. 



Tobacco with Whale Oil Soap. 



Boil 3 pounds of dry tobacco stems or leaves 

 in 10 gallons of water and add while hot 0.5 

 pound whale oil soap. 



Soap. 

 Use 1 pound to 8 gallons of water. 



Kerosene Emulsion. 



Dissolve 1 pound of soap in 2 gallons of hot 

 water, add 4 gallons of kerosene and churn for 

 15 minutes with a force pump. The thick 

 creamv emulsion, which does not separate 



readily, is diluted for use with 9 parts of water 

 and sprayed at once. Use rain water. If a 

 good emulsion has not been obtained, do over. 

 An imperfect emulsion must never be sprayed. 



Soluble Oil. 



This substance, sold under various names as 

 Kill-o-Scale, Target Brand Scale Destroyer, 

 is sprayed on the dormant plants after proper 

 dilution (1 : 20). 



Formalin Vapor 



For freeing closed spaces from b 

 Schering's formalin lamp may be used. 



For freeing closed spaces from bacteria 



LITERATURE. 



Germicides Insecticides. 



1890. Arthur, J. C. Treatment for smut in wheat. 1895. 



Purdue University Agr. Exp. Sta., Lafayette, 

 Indiana. July, 1890, Bull. 32, vn, pp. 3 to 9. 



1890. Kellerman,W. A. and Swingle, W. T. Pre- 

 liminary experiments with fungicides for 

 stinking smut of wheat. Bull. No. 12, Exp. 1896. 



Sta., Kansas State Agric. College, Aug., 1890, 

 pp. 27-51. 



1890. Chester, F. D. Diseases of the vine, controlled 



by several different salts of copper. Del. 

 Agr. Exp. Sta., Oct. 1890. Bull. 10, 32 pp. 

 2 figs. 



1 891. Kellerman, W. A. and Swingle, W. T. 



Additional experiments and observations on 



oat smut, made in 1890. Bull. No. 15, Exp. 1897. 



Sta., Kans. State Agric. College, Topeka, 



1891, pp. 93-133. 

 1 89 1. Arthur, J. C. The loose smut of oats. Purdue 



University Agr. Exp. Sta., Lafayette, Indiana. 



Mar., 1891. Bull. 35, vol. II, pp. 81-97, 



4 figs. 1897. 



1 89 1. Kellerman, W. A. Second report on fungicides 



for stinking smut of wheat. Kans. Agr. Exp. 



Sta., Aug., 1891, Bull. 21, pp. 45-72, 1 plate. 1898. 



1893. Hitchcock, A. S. and Carleton, Mark A. 



The effect of fungicides upon the germination 



of corn. Exp. Sta., Kans. State Agr. College. 1898. 



Manhattan, Kansas, 1893. Bull. 41, pp. 631- 



679, Bibliog. of 26 titles. 1899. 



1893. Kellerman, \V. A. Experiments in germina- 



tion of treated seed. Ohio Agr. Exp. Sta. 

 Bull., April, 1893, vol. 1, No. 3, Tech. ser., 

 pp. 201-205. 1899. 



1 894. Frank and Kru'gER. Ueber den Reiz welchen 



die Behandlung mit Kupfer auf die Kartoffel- 

 pflanze hervorbringt Ber. d. deutsch. bot. 

 Ges., 1894, pp. 8-1 1. 1899. 



1894. Galloway, B. T. The effect of spraying with 

 fungicides on the growth of nursery stock. 

 U. S. Dept. of Agr., Div. of Veg. Path., 1894, 

 Bull. 7. 



Galloway, B. T. and Woods, A. F. Spraying 

 with fungicides as a means of increasing the 

 growth and productiveness of plants. Repr. 

 from Proc. Soc. Prom. Agr. Sci., 1895. 16th 

 Ann. Meeting, Springfield, Mass., pp. 42-53. 



Evans, W. H. Copper sulphate and germina- 

 tion. Treatment of seed with copper sulphate 

 to prevent the attacks of fungi. U S. Dept. 

 of Agr., Div. of Veg. Path., 1896, Bull. 10, 

 24 pp. 



Effect on germination. Summary of other workers' experi- 

 ments with oats, wheat, barley, etc. Abstracts presenting 

 many contradictory opinions relating to use of copper sulphate 

 for prevention of smut. Effect on germination, root system, 

 growth of aerial parts. 



Bolley, H. L. New studies upon the smut of 

 wheat, oats, and barley, with a resume of 

 treatment experiments for the last three 

 years. Gov. Agr. Exp. Sta. for North 

 Dakota. Fargo, Mar., 1897. Bull. 27, pp. 

 109-162, 13 figs. 



Hicks, G. H., and Dabney, J. C. Vitality of 

 seed treated with carbon bisulphid. U. S. 

 Dept. of Agr., Div. of Bot., Circular 11, 1897. 



Harrison, F. C. The effect of spraying Bor- 

 deaux mixture on foliage. 23d Ann. Rep. 

 Ont. Agr. College Exp. Farm, 1898, pp. 125-128. 



Starnes, H. N. Some peach notes. Ga. Agr. 

 Exp. Sta., Nov., 1898, Bull. 42. 



Duggar, B. M. Peach leaf-curl and notes on 

 the shot-hole effect on peaches and plums. 

 Cornell Agr. Exp. Sta., Feb. 1899, Bull. 164, 

 PP- 371-388, figs. 64-72. 



LinharT. I. Krankheiten des Riibensamens. 

 II. Bekampfung der infektioscn Krankheiten 

 des Riibensamens. Sep. Oester. Ung. Zeitschr. 

 f. Zuckerindustrie, 1899, 1, 11, IV. 



Woods, Albert F., and Dorsett, P.H. The 

 use of hydrocyanic acid gas for fumigating 

 greenhouses and cold frames. Circular No. 

 37, Second series, Div. of Entomology, U. S. 

 Dept. of Agriculture, Jan., 1899, 10 pp. 3 figs. 



