GENERAL SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS. 221 



A quantitative comparison is then made of the conductivity of the different 

 solvents with their viscosities. In order that this comparison can be made for 

 different solvents, we must deal with " comparable equivalent solutions," i. e., 

 solutions containing the same number of gram-molecules of electrolyte in the 

 same number of gram-molecules of the different solvents. 



The result is to show that conductivities of "comparable equivalent solu- 

 tions" of binary electrolytes in such solvents as members of the methyl 

 alcohol series, acetone, etc., are inversely proportional to the coefficient of 

 viscosity of the solvent in question, and directly proportional to the association 

 factor of the solvent, or to the amount of the dissociation of the substance 

 dissolved in that solvent. 



This is essentially the same as to say that the hypothesis of Dutoit and 

 Aston holds quantitatively for certain electrolytes in such solvents as water, 

 methyl alcohol, and ethyl alcohol. 



While the larger part of the work of Bassett had to do with the question of 

 the relative velocities of the ions of silver nitrate in non-aqueous solvents, 

 and in mixtures of these solvents with water and with one another, yet he 

 took up the problem of the conductivity of silver nitrate in water, in methyl 

 alcohol, in ethyl alcohol, and in binary mixtures of these solvents with one 

 another. 



It was shown that silver nitrate in mixtures of methyl alcohol and water 

 gives a minimum in conductivity at both and 25. Silver nitrate, however, 

 in mixtures of ethyl alcohol and water does not show the minimum at 

 either or 25. 



When the conductivities at are compared with those of 25, we see that 

 the influence of one solvent on the other is greater the lower the temperature. 

 This is exactly what would be expected in terms of the suggestion put for- 

 ward in the work of Lindsay. As the temperature is raised the association 

 of associated solvents becomes less and less ; consequently, each solvent will 

 diminish the association of the other less and less as the temperature becomes 

 higher and higher. 



The investigation carried out by Bingham included the solvents used in the 

 earlier work water, methyl and ethyl alcohols, and in addition acetone was 

 employed. The conductivities of lithium nitrate, potassium iodide, and cal- 

 cium nitrate in these solvents, and in binary mixtures of one with another, 

 were measured. In this investigation a fairly large number of viscosity 

 measurements were also made. These included not simply the measurement 

 of the viscosities of the pure solvents and of the mixtures of these with one 

 another, but also the viscosities of solutions of calcium nitrate in the different 

 solvents and in the mixtures of these with one another. The temperature 

 coefficients of conductivity and of fluidity in mixtures of acetone with the 

 other solvents were also compared. 



