102 Land Magnetic Observations, 1911-13 



expedition v. across shantung and southward on the grand canal to the 

 yangtse. september to december 1908. 



No field work could be undertaken during the sununer of 1908, owing to serious failure 

 of my eyes in March and April, from which I did not fully recover until September. How- 

 ever, in the fall this expedition westward across Shantung and then southward by the 

 Grand Canal to the valley of the Yangtse was undertaken in accordance with instructions 

 dated May 21, 1908. As in the previous expedition, I was accompanied throughout by 

 Mr. C. K. Yue. The equipment was the same as that for Expedition IV, except that 

 pocket chronometer Kittel No. 231 was lacking because of its loss by theft. 



After about 7 days in the latter part of September devoted at Canton to preparations 

 for the proposed expedition and after making preliminary observations at the base station 

 at Honglok (Canton), in which I was seriously interfered with by prolonged rains, I left 

 Canton on October 2 and boarded the steamship Monte Eagle at Hongkong for Shanghai, 

 which was reached on October 7. The same day I took a steamer for Tsingtau, the port 

 of the German concession of Kiaochow, in Shantung, where I arrived on October 9. Here 

 I was well received by the director of the German naval observatory. Leaving Tsingtau 

 on November 11,1 proceeded westward by train to Tsinan, which was reached on the night 

 of the 15th, after occupying Weihsien en route. From Tsinan I journeyed southwestward 

 by cart to Tsining, on the Grand Canal, which was reached on the night of October 30, I 

 having been greatly delayed by bad roads and very troublesome carters. From Tsining 

 I journeyed southward on the Grand Canal by houseboat to Tsingkiangpu, which was 

 reached on November 14, 2 stations having been occupied en route. From Tsingkiangpu 

 a steam launch was taken to Chinkiang, on the Yangtse, which I ascended by river steamer 

 to Kiukiang and from thence went by launch to Nanchang, the capital of Kiangsi Province. 

 It was then my intention to proceed southward, ascending the Kan River to its headwaters, 

 then to cross the Meiling Pass on foot to the headwaters of the North River, in Kwangtung, 

 and descending this to reach Canton; but at Nanchang, after an exchange of telegrams with 

 Canton, I found that the college affairs demanded my mxmediate return and, consequently, 

 after observing at Nanchang, I descended the Yangtse on a river steamer and, after meeting 

 Observer D. C. Sowers, on his arrival at Shanghai, took ship for Hongkong, reaching Canton 

 on December 8. Here I immediately prepared the records of observations for transmission 

 to Washington and joined Mr. Sowers in comparison observations between magnetometers 

 C. I. W. No. 2 and No. 10. Dip circle Dover No. 171 and chronometer Arnold and Dent 

 No. 677 were forthwith turned over to Mr. Sowers for his trip across China, and magneto- 

 meter C. I. W. No. 2 was shipped to Washington. After another month and a half devoted 

 to college affau-s, I sailed from Hongkong on February 8 for America, arriving at New York 

 on April 28, 1909. 



The following stations were occupied : 



1. Honglok, Kwangtung (reoccupied 



at end of expedition). 



2. Tsingtau, Shantung. 



4. Tsinan, Shantung. 



5. Tsining, Shantung. 



6. Hanchwang, Shantung. 



3. Weihsien, Shantung. I 7. Taierhchwang, Shantung. 



8. Tsinkiangpu, Kiangsu. 



9. Chinkiang, Kiangsu. 

 10. Nanchang, Kiangsi. 



Station No. 9 was a reoccupation of No. 11 in Expedition II, 1906. 



The total time devoted to this expedition was 2 months and 25 days, of which 20 days 

 were spent in travel to and from the field and in making preliminary arrangements. The 

 total time in the field was 65 days, or an average of 6.5 days per station. Observations 

 were made on 25 days and were prevented on 7 days by bad weather. The actual travel re- 

 quired 36 days, the total distance traversed being 3,405 miles, of which 2,545 were by ocean 

 and river steamers, 220 by rail, 305 by launch, 210 by sailboat, and 125 by cart and on foot 

 (the instruments during this period being carried by coolies). Of the travel by ocean and 

 river steamers, 2,215 was necessary in getting to and from the field; thus the travel in the 

 field, properly speaking, was but 1,190 miles, or an average of 119 miles per station. The 



