Observers' Field Reports 129 



bright throughout, with warm days and cool nights (temperature often as low as 40 F.). 

 Between Wenchow and Funingfu supplies are scarce and biscuits and tinned goods 

 should be carried; a guide and interpreter is also necessary for this section of the trip, 

 and a knowledge of Mandarin is very useful. 



As the next coastal steamer to Amoy was not leaving until December 2, a trip was 

 made to Shuikow Fu, about 50 miles up the Min River, returning December 1 to Foo- 

 chow. Steam navigation on the Min ends here, and cargo for the interior is transferred 

 to small boats. 



Amoy was reached on the morning of December 3, and on December 5 a pleasant 

 trip was made through sheltered waters about 40 miles up the coast to Anhai, which is 

 situated some distance up a creek and can not be reached at low water. Arriving here 

 at noon, coolies were at once hired with the help of the local pastor, and the overland 

 stage commenced, Chuanchowfu being reached after about 6 hours of steady walking. 

 It being necessary to take passage on the next steamer south from Amoy, the time at 

 Chuanchowfu was short, and the return journey to Anhai began December 6, arriving 

 at Amoy on the afternoon of the following day, thus allowing the party an hour in which 

 to join the steamer Haitan. The treaty port of Swatow was reached at 7 a. m. on 

 December 8, and the magnetic station of 1906 was at once reoccupied. 



There was righting near Chaochowfu, about 25 miles to the north, and as both 

 trains and launches were no longer running, it was deemed advisable to forego the 

 repeat observations. As there seemed to be trouble along the whole coast southward 

 of Swatow, the party rejoined the Haitan the same afternoon, and reached Hong Kong 

 on Sunday morning, December 9. The night boat to Canton was then boarded, and 

 the party reported at the Canton Christian College the following morning, thus ending 

 a very pleasant trip of about 3,000 miles, lasting almost 4 months. 



After a short stay in Canton, where the necessary instrument comparisons were 

 made, passage was taken for Washington, where I arrived early in February, 1918. 



The party left Canton on the night of August 18 and returned the morning of 

 December 10, an interval of 114 days. The total distance traveled was 3,161 miles, 

 which gives an average distance of 83 miles between stations. The total field expenses 

 from August 18 to December 10 was equivalent to about $830. 



The country traversed was with few exceptions hilly or mountainous, but the obser- 

 vations at all stations from Canton to Shanghai give no indications of local disturbance 

 at any point. From Ningpo southward along the whole coast to Canton, the country 

 is very mountainous and the rock is chiefly granite. There is local disturbance prob- 

 ably at many places, especially in the section between Wenchow and Funingfu. 



No opposition was encountered on the expedition, either from the people or the 

 officials, who, even in the mountain regions, appeared to be quite enlightened, with no 

 superstitious fears of the instruments or observations. The coastal provinces of Kwang- 

 tung and Fukien have been the scene of missionary work for about 60 years, and prac- 

 tically every village of any size has its own little chapel or church, where the European 

 is sure of a welcome and assistance if necessary. 



The success of the expedition was largely due to the generous aid and ?dvice given 

 by the foreign missionaries met during the campaign. It was also due in a large mea- 

 sure to the Chinese Foreign Office passport obtained through the kind efforts of Dr. 

 Reinsch, United States Minister, which explained in full the object of the observations. 

 Effective Assistance and cooperation were rendered by Father H. Gautier of Zikawei 

 Observatory, Father de Moidrey, director of Lukiapang Observatory, and Mr. Gray- 

 bill of Canton Christian College. Various courtesies were extended by Mr. Ollington, 

 postal commissioner of Chekiang; Mr. E. Alabaster, commissioner of customs at Hang- 

 chow; Mr. F. Carey, commissioner of customs at Santuao; and Mr. Little, British 

 consul at Amoy. 



