Observers' Field Reports 151 



We arrived on September 21 at Chinde, which is a neat little town with several 

 stores, two banks, and two hotels. There is a British concession and a consul. After 

 reoccupying our magnetic station, a coastal steamer was taken to Beira, the work at 

 that place being completed by October 1. 



Table 18 shows the stations at which magnetic observations were made and the 

 order of occupation. For values of the magnetic elements, see Table of Results. 



The total time occupied in the work was 249 days, from January 27 to October 1, 

 1920. With 65 stations occupied the average field time per station is 3.8 days. The 

 total distance traveled was approximately 5,000 miles. The average distance traveled 

 between stations is 77 miles. The average cost was about $20 per station for field 

 expenses. 



A pronounced local disturbance exists at Bela Vista. Laterite occurs on the Bihe 

 plateau, but after leaving the Cuanza River no rocks are seen and the road is often very 

 sandy. An outcrop of laterite was noticed near Lumeje, and the Simoi River at Moxico 

 flows through rocky hills of the same formation. From Moxico to Chabaia ferruginous 

 rock (laterite) outcrops in several places, though the general formation is a white sand. 

 The ironstone is sufficiently rich to be smelted, and the natives make spear heads and 

 other implements from it. Beyond Chabaia the route leads across swampy flats and low 

 ridges of hard sand, and no rock exposures were seen before reaching Nana Candundo 

 (Kavungo), where some large boulders of granite are visible in the stream-bed below the 

 mission station. As we proceeded eastward, natives were occasionally met carrying 

 baskets of ironstone chips for smelting, but these were obtained from special localities. 

 The observations indicated no local disturbance. 



Kalene Hill is an escarpment of quartzite with outcrops of laterite at its base. 

 Entering Katanga in the Belgian Congo, we find the country more hilly and very rich 

 in copper. Quartz rock is very plentiful and some laterite, shale, and limestone are also 

 found. The railway line from Elisabethvile to Livingstone, in Northern Rhodesia, 

 passes through regions of pronounced local disturbance. Along the Kafue River the 

 formation is dolomite. The hills recede at the junction with the Zambezi River, and the 

 route leads along alluvial flats or crosses hills of sandstone and quartz with mica much in 

 evidence. Sandstone was the general formation on the lower Zambezi, and in the Tete 

 district granite, quartz, and limestone also occur. 



The operations of the expedition were greatly facilitated by His Excellency the 

 Governor General of Angola at Loanda, who supplied a general letter of introduction 

 to all authorities in the Colony. Assistance and hospitality were extended by the British 

 Consul at Lobito Bay, Mr. R. A. Duthie; by Mr. P. R. Mears; H. F. Varian Esq., Resident 

 Engineer of Lobito Railway; Rev. W. C. Bell, and Dr. W. H. Sanders, and other members 

 of the American Board Mission stations; Messrs H. W. Griffiths and F. Schindler and 

 also Dr. W. Fisher of the English Brethren Mission; His Excellency the Governor General 

 of the Belgian Congo also supplied a general letter of introduction which was of great 

 material assistance. His Excellency the Administrator of Northern Rhodesia, Sir 

 Lawrence Wallace, K. B. E., C. M. G., rendered valuable aid in the work in Rhodesia. 

 Assistance and hospitality were also extended by Mr. L. J. Tweedy, Assistant Native 

 Commissioner of the British post of Feira; by Sr. Joao Correa da Silva, the British Consul 

 at Tete; and also by Sr. Raposa of Mopea. 



Work in the interior of Angola is not practicable in the rainy season between Decem- 

 ber and March. Rest-houses are now being erected on the main routes, and a few motor 

 roads have been constructed, so that it is possible to reach the Belgian frontier from 

 Malange by motor in the dry season, April to November. A tent is necessary and also a 

 camping outfit (chair, table, bath, etc.). Since they can not be procured in the country 

 they should be brought from America or England. A mosquito net is an absolute neces- 



