HYBRIDS AND GARDEN VARIETIES. 221 



obtained independently in America. Hybrids of the Lotos group are 

 known in Germany under an entirely distinct set of names from those 

 used in this country. 



In 1885-1890 M. Latour-Marliac, of Temple-sur-Lot, France, drew the 

 attention of flower-lovers everywhere by his magnificent hybrids in the 

 Castalia group the hardy waterlilies. Probably no one else has done so 

 much for waterlily culture. His earliest achievements won universal 

 admiration ; but these have been followed by annual additions of ever 

 increasing splendor. At present, however, the possibilities in that direc- 

 tion seem to be about exhausted. So great was Marliac's lead in this 

 work, and so carefully did he guard the secret of his success, for trade 

 reasons, that only within the last three years have any comparable results 

 been attained, and this only by using Marliac stock for breeding. The 

 parentage of the Marliac hybrids is a matter of speculation. In several 

 cases, however, one or both parents can be indicated with considerable 

 certainty ; but which was male and which female will, I fear, never be 

 known. The first members of this series were the yellows, JV. marliacea- 

 chromatella, N. odorata sulfurea and TV. tctragona helvola. All are derived 

 from N. mexicana. They are altogether sterile. Of some of the pinks 

 N. odorata rosea is one parent, and of those with red tints at the center of 

 the flower N. alba rubra is one source. 



Within the Brachyceras group, hybridization has been carried on 

 almost exclusively in America. Here Mr. Tricker is the acknowledged 

 leader, so far as the public good is concerned. His N. pulcherrima, 

 derived on one side from N. caerulea, has been for several years in 

 general cultivation. The new hybrids of N. flavo-vircns with pollen of N. 

 zanzibariensis sent out under the rather unwieldy names Mrs. C. W. Ward 

 and U T >n. Stone, are easily the finest tender day-blooming hybrids yet 

 available. Both have the general habit of N. flavo-virens, and in the tuber 

 they follow this parent exactly ; but the color of the flower and leaf is 

 beautifully intermediate. N. Pennsylvania and N. etegans~x.zanzibariensis, 

 raised in 1901 at the University of Pennsylvania Botanic Garden from 

 seeds of the previous summer, are fairly intermediate in forms, coloring of 

 all parts, and number of floral organs between their respective parents. 



In spite of many attempts, no cross has yet succeeded between 

 members of different subgenera of Nymphaea as grouped in this paper. 

 We realize that this is in opposition to M. Marliac's published statements 

 in which he claims N. rubra as the source of the red color in his hardy red 

 waterlilies. But so far as naked-eye examination goes (and we acknowl- 



