PUBLIC SCHOOLS AND CRIME. 319 



of 1892 that a considerable part of that undertaking shall be de- 

 voted to object-lessons in the development of the arts of life, tak- 

 ing as my example spinning and weaving. The distaff, used as it 

 was in the days of Homer, may still be found in use in northern 

 Italy. The hand loom and the spinning-wheel of prehistoric type 

 are presented in these pictures from China. Other methods 

 of spinning, and other wholly different forms of hand loom car- 

 ried in the hand for weaving narrow stripes, may be brought from 

 central Africa, and so the whole history of the textile arts may be 

 gathered in one place, either by obtaining examples from different 

 parts of the world, or any one may study the whole development 

 of the cotton manufacture if, before it is too late, he will visit the 

 heart of the eastern Kentucky mountains, and from there journey 

 by way of the neighborhood mills of the South to the great fac- 

 tories of the North. 



PUBLIC SCHOOLS AS AFFECTING CRIME AND VICE. 



By BENJAMIN EEECE. 



THE political and material progress of the nineteenth century 

 have been truly wonderful. The past year was memorable 

 as the anniversary of the inauguration of the first President of 

 this great republic, and what a record of bewildering changes do 

 those hundred years unfold ! Thirteen States have been increased 

 to forty-two, and the center of population has moved back from 

 the seaboard to a point nearly a thousand miles in the interior. 

 The lakes of the North have given birth to gigantic commercial 

 marts, which rival in trade, wealth, and culture those seats of an- 

 cient pomp, and empires and cities of mediaeval grandeur, which 

 flourished on the shores of the Mediterranean. 



The affairs of the remotest portions of this immense domain, 

 together with the world's more notable events, are regularly re- 

 corded in the daily press and read the morning following at the 

 breakfast table. The traveler boards the train at New York, 

 having telegraphed his friend in Chicago to meet him at the 

 station twenty-four hours later, giving the exact minute of his 

 arrival at a place a thousand miles distant from his starting- 

 point. A change of cars is made for San Francisco, and after 

 riding over hundreds of miles of fertile prairie covered with 

 growing crops, crossing wide rivers spanned by bridges which 

 fifty years ago were deemed impossible, across boundless plains 

 where countless herds of cattle and flocks of sheep are fed, and 

 passing through vast mountain ranges pierced by tunneled pas- 

 sage-ways, the traveler reaches his destination upon the shores of 



