LITERARY NOTICES. 



417 



ston, appear in another number of this vol- 

 ume. Regarding " The Nature of Knee- 

 jerk," W. P. Lombard maintains that the 

 reflex theory readily explains the intimate 

 dependence of the phenomenon upon the 

 spinal cord, and that the time argument 

 against it is inconclusive, owing to our mea- 

 ger knowledge of reflex times in general, 

 while the peripheral theory is untenable. 

 The third number of this volume is devoted 

 to a paper on " The Relation between the 

 Structure, Function, Distribution, and Origin 

 of the Cranial Nerves ; together with a The- 

 ory of the Origin of the Nervous System of 

 Vertebrata," by W. II. Gaskell. It is ac- 

 companied by five plates. W. D. Halliburton 

 contributes the results of chemical analysis 

 of a number of specimens of cerebro-spinal 

 fluid, and, together with W. M. Friend, the 

 results of an examination of the stromata of 

 the red corpuscles. A second paper on " The 

 Electrical Organ of the Skate," by J. B. San- 

 derson and Francis Gotch, contains obser- 

 vations as to the nature of the normal reflex 

 process by which the electric organ is dis- 

 charged, and the measurement of the electro- 

 motive force of the response of the organ to 

 a single excitation. J. N. Langley reports 

 further investigations upon the salivary 

 glands in two papers, one dealing with " The 

 Physiology of the Salivary Secretion," the 

 other with " The Histology of the Mucous 

 Salivary Glands, and the Behavior of their 

 Mucous Constituents." L. C. Wool bridge, 

 in a brief paper entitled " The Coagulation 

 Question," argues against certain views of 

 Dr. Halliburton. W. II. White contributes 

 " Further Observations on the Histology and 

 Function of the Mammalian Sympathetic 

 Ganglia," a previous paper having been pub- 

 lished in No. 2, Vol. VIII of the "Journal." 

 An extended paper on " The Innervation of 

 the Renal Blood- Vessels," by J. Rose Brad- 

 ford, deals with the courses of the vaso-con- 

 strictor and vaso-dilator fibers, with the 

 phenomena following excitation of the 

 splanchnic nerve and of the peripheral end 

 of the divided vagus, also with the reflex 

 phenomena of the renal vessels. T. W. 

 Shore and II. L. Jones publish a descrip- 

 tion of " The Structure of the Vertebrate 

 Liver," approaching their subject from the 

 side of comparative anatomy. G. N. Stew- 

 art presents a detailed account of a research 

 vol. xxxvi. 27 



on " The Stimulation Effects in a Polarized 

 Nerve during and after the Flow of the Polar- 

 izing Current." C. S. Sherrington and C. A. 

 Ballance, in a paper on " Formation of Scar- 

 Tissue," give the record of their investiga- 

 tion as to whether the colorless corpuscles 

 of the blood are the source of the new tissue 

 which the inflammatory process produces. 



Hygiene and Public Health. By Louis C. 

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Substantially the whole field of sanitary 

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A First Book in American History. By 

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The story of America is told by Mr. 

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