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THE POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY. 



looking at a picture, the doctor feeling the pulse of his patient, 

 the judge weighing the testimony of a witness, the merchant 

 deliberating concerning the acceptability of a commercial propo- 

 sition all are tempted involuntarily to project their lips, as if 

 about to taste something sweet, and that the more readily as they 

 fancy themselves better qualified to form a judgment. This trait 

 furthermore betrays a kind of feeling of one's own value, a feel- 

 ing of superiority ; for whoever considers himself authorized and 

 fit to pass a definite judgment on men, things, or events at once 

 feels that by virtue of his quality of judge he rises superior to 



Fig. 4. Scrutinizing 

 Expression. 



Fig. 5. Scrutinizing Expression, 

 with Vertical Wrinkles. 



Fig. 6. Scrutinizing Expres- 

 sion, with Horizontal 

 Wrinkles. 



the object on which he is called to pronounce. For this reason 

 the scrutinizing trait is also often the expression of arrogance 

 and presumption (Fig. 4). If the scrutinizing trait is associated 

 with vertical wrinkles, it indicates that, while the man is weigh- 

 ing and studying the reasons for and against the judgment he is 

 to pronounce, whatever may be his final decision, he is already 

 in a bad humor (Fig. 5). With horizontal wrinkles, the scruti- 

 nizing trait indicates that attention is fixed in the highest degree 

 upon the matters that are under examination, and that they are 

 considered very important or very delicate. A fine representa- 

 tion of this expression is given in Hasenklever's picture, "La 

 Degustation du Vin " (" The Wine-tasting," Fig. 7). This expres- 

 sion is frequently found among men who think much of the 

 pleasures of the table. Their imagination indulging in fancies of 

 pleasures obtained or anticipated, their lips advance as if they 

 were really tasting what they are imagining ; and thus the scru- 

 tinizing trait becomes physiognomic. It is also developed in men 

 who have a high idea of their own value, and feel called upon to 

 judge concerning the value of other men. 



