LITERARY NOTICES. 



857 



the teaching of articulation to the deaf, are 

 uses to which Prof, Bell's system is applicable. 



References to the United States Constitu- 

 tion, by William E. Foster, is published as 

 No. XXIX in the series issued by the Society 

 for Political Education, 330 Pearl Street, 

 New York. Mr. Foster, Librarian of the 

 Providence Public Library, is one of the 

 scholarly men who seek to make the collec- 

 tions of books committed to their care of 

 the largest possible public benefit. This 

 pamphlet is an object-lesson in reading 

 with a purpose. It gives clear references 

 by chapter and page to everything in print 

 having a bearing on the Constitution of the 

 United States. We are given a list of the 

 works showing the antecedent influences in 

 antiquity, in German and English institu- 

 tions, and in American colonial history. The 

 more immediate causes are traced in the 

 records of the Annapolis Convention, 1786, 

 and the Philadelphia Convention, 178*7. Next 

 Mr. Foster analyzes the Constitution as 

 framed and adopted, and shows the various 

 sources of its articles. He then proceeds 

 with Constitutional History since 1789, giv- 

 ing reference to all the leading expositions 

 and commentaries on the Federal and State 

 Governments, with notes on the various 

 amendments, and on the comparisons of 

 other governments with that of the United 

 States. An appendix summarizes the decis- 

 ions of the Supreme Court since 1865 on 

 questions affecting national or State suprem- 

 acy. Mr. Foster has performed his task 

 with conscientious care and thoroughness. 

 His References will save every student of the 

 Constitution much unnecessary labor and 

 bring before him much that he might never 

 otherwise know. (Price, 25 cents.) 



Prof. Simon iV. Patten, of the University 

 of Pennsylvania, in his pamphlet on The 

 Rational Principles of Taxation, makes a 

 debatable contribution to a difficult theme. 

 He maintains that the wastes and burdens 

 of competition in methods of distribution 

 are increasing ; the great cost of solicitation 

 and advertisement in their manifold forms 

 he holds to be the chief reason why science 

 applied to industry has not enriched the na- 

 tion as it should. His remedy for undue 

 and wasteful competition is of a heroic kind ; 

 it is no other than an adaptation of the high- 



license plan in dealing with the retail liquor 

 trade. Prof. Patten holds that while that 

 plan deprives no patron of his desired bev- 

 erages, effects no increase of prices, it re- 

 sults in notable economy to the community 

 in extinguishing one half or more of the 

 saloons, with their outlays for rent, attend- 

 ants, and so on. He argues that a similar 

 reduction of the ranks of all distributive 

 classes by a high special tax would inure to 

 a general promotion of prosperity in which 

 these classes would perforce share. 



PUBLICATIONS RECEIVED. 



Appleton, John Howard. Laboratory Tear- 

 Book, 1890. Providence, R. I. : Gordon Roscoe &, 

 Co. Pp. 81. 12 cents. 



Arey. Albert L. Laboratory Manual of Experi- 

 mental Physics. Syracuse, N. Y. : C. W. Bardeen. 

 Pp. 200. 75 cents. 



Astronomical Observatory of Harvard College. 

 Annals. Meteorological Observations made on the 

 Summit of Pike's Peak, January, 1874. to June, 

 18S8. Pp. 475. Observations of the New England 

 Meteorological Society in the Year 18S8. Pp. 99, 

 with Charts. Monthly Bulletins ot the New Eng- 

 land Meteorological Society. Cambridge, Mass. : 

 Edward C. Pickering, Director. 



Blackmar, Frank W. History of State Aid to 

 Higher Education in the United States. Washing- 

 ton : Government Printing-Offiee. Pp. 343. 



Blake, William P., New Haven, Conn. Mineral- 

 ogical Notes (Verde Valley, Ariz. ). Pp. 3. 



Bray, Henry Truro. The Evolution of a Life 

 from the Bondage of Truth to the Freedom of Rea- 

 son. Chicago : Holt Publishing Co. Pp. 486. $2. 



Brinton, Daniel G. On Etruscan and Libyan 

 Names. A Comparative Study. Pp. 16. 



Canadian Institute. Annual Report for 1889. 

 Toronto : Charles Carpmael, President of the Coun- 

 cil. Pp. 118. 



Chisolm, Julian J., Baltimore. Persistent Head- 

 aches and how to Treat them. Pp 12. 



Clark, A. Arnold, Lansing. Mich. GermB, the 

 Prevention of Consumption, etc. Pp. 16. 



Clark, Kate Elizabeth. The Dominant Seventh. 

 A Musical Story. New York : D. Appleton & Co. 

 Pp. 164. 50 cents. 



Coast and Geodetic Survey, United States. Ta- 

 bles for converting Customary and Metric Weights 

 and Measures. Pp. 4. 



Crawley, Edwin S. Elements of Plane and 

 Spherical Trigonometry. Philadelphia: J. B. Lip- 

 pincott Company. Pp. 159. $1. 



Crocker, Uriel H., Boston. Excess of Supply : 

 its Cause and its Results. Pp. 8. 



Crookshank, Edgar M. History and Pathology 

 of Vaccination. Philadelphia: P. Blakiston, Son & 

 Co. 2 vols. Pp. 460 and 610, with Plates. 



Ethnologv, United States Bureau of. J. W. 

 Powell, Director. Report. 1888-84. Pp. 564 

 Ibid . 18S4- , 85. Pp. 675, both with Maps and Plates. 

 The Circular. Square, and Octagonal Earthworks 

 of Ohio. Bv Cvrus Thomas Pp. 36, with Plates. 

 Textile Fabrics of Ancient Peru. By William H. 

 Holmes. Pp. 17. Washington : Government Print- 

 ing-Offlce. 



Dead Heart, Sonvenir of the (Lvceum Theatre, 

 London). New York : Cassell & Co. Pp. 51, with 

 Plates. 



Ebers. Georg. Joshua, a Story of Biblical Times. 

 Translated bv Mary Safford. New York: W. 8. 

 Gottsberger & Co. Pp. 371. 



