462 POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY 



We may note the advantage gained by the white people of the south 

 if they are relieved of the education of the colored people : 



In the Report of the United States Commissioner of Education, 

 1899-1900, Vol. II., p. 2501, we find that during the thirty years up 

 to that time, from 1870, the south expended $109,000,000 on the educa- 

 tion of the colored people, or say $3,600,000 annually. This money 

 should be added to the educational fund for the white children, and 

 these funds must be gradually increased until they are doubled before 

 these children will have anything like adequate educational advantages. 



The average salary of a teacher is not $30 per month, while the 

 average salary of a brickmason is at least double this amount. Further, 

 the facilities that these teachers have had of obtaining knowledge and of 

 equipping themselves for teachers have been very meager, so that many 

 of them are very poorly educated. Hence there is a dearth of knowl- 

 edge as well as of money in the schools, colleges and even universities. 

 This unfortunate condition must be admitted, when we note that 

 out of a total of $157,000,000 of productive funds held by American 

 colleges, the south has but $15,000,000; the valuation of grounds and 

 buildings of southern colleges is $8,500,000 in a total $146,000,000. 

 The total annual income available for higher education in Virginia, 

 North Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia, Alabama, Mississippi, Louisi- 



no social circle of their own cohabit as readily with the pure black as with 

 another mulatto. Hence, left to themselves, among every 400 children of the 

 second generation there would probably be: 



361 (blacks), 

 38 (three fourths black, one fourth white), 

 1 (one half black, one half white) ; 



while among 8,000 children of the third generation there probably will be: 

 6,859 (blacks), 



1,083 (seven eighths black, one eighth white), 

 57 (three fourths black, one fourth white), 

 1 (one half black, one half white). 



In other words, among 400 children of the second generation, there would 

 probably be one child that has as much white blood in it as there was in its 

 grandmother, and among 8,000 of the third generation there would probably 

 be one as near white as its great-grandmother. Thus negro returns to negro. 



In a similar manner it is seen that the number of children (three fourths 

 white, and one fourth black) that are born in the second generation from 

 mulatto women (one half black, one half white) is very small; while the num- 

 ber of those that are (seven eighths white, one eighth black) in the third gen- 

 eration born from women (three fourths white, one fourth black) is also small, 

 etc. The ultimate white child is correspondingly rare. 



Thus even if illicit sexual intercourse between the races existed to the 

 extent supposed in the above hypothesis, it is evident that under the present 

 conditions negro blood can not permeate the white. Mr. Bruce ("Plantation 

 Negro," p. 243) claims that this intercourse practically does not exist, except 

 in the cities, and that it is on the decline in the cities. Certain it is that 

 miscegenation in the south is meeting with little toleration. 



