SPRINGS AS A GEOGUAl'IIIC INFLUENCE 



5°3 



SPRINGS AS A GEOGRAPHIC INFLUENCE IN HUMID 



CLIMATES 



By Professor FRANK CARNEY 



PENISON UNIVERSITY 



IN the arid southwest parts of the United States, the crude water 

 signs of the Indians have often pointed the white man to a spring. 

 The government topographic maps covering sections of this region of 

 sparse rainfall give the location of many springs. Throughout the 

 longer-known and more-traveled desert areas of the world, the few 

 oases have fixed the routes taken by caravans. Numerous books are 

 available detailing facts that bear on the geographic influence of springs 



A Reconnaissance Contour Map in which the altitudes were ascertained by working ane- 

 roids in pairs, a method explained in the Journal of Geology, Vol. XV. (1907), p. 492. In this 

 area there are 203 dwellings, 14S of which are located at springs. 



