BOTANY AT ST. LOUIS 497 



was resumed on the twenty-first, and on July 13 they reached Franklin, 

 then the uppermost town of any importance on the Missouri. Here 

 Baldwin was left behind at the house of Dr. Lowry, where he remained 

 until his death on August 31. During his stay in Franklin Baldwin 

 botanized as much as his limited strength would permit, and entries 

 were made in his diary as late as August 8, the date of the last entry. 

 A list of plants found around Franklin by him during this time attests 

 the earnestness with which he pursued his beloved science. The 

 journals of the expedition show that he collected about one hundred 

 species in the vicinity of St. Louis and on the Missouri to Franklin. 



His companions all unite in praise of his devotion to science and his 

 persistence under such extremely trying circumstances. Notwithstand- 

 ing his extensive travels and his earnest study of the botany of several 

 different sections of this country and of South America, he published 

 but little. Two shor f articles, presented for publication just before 

 starting with the expedition, are all that are known to have been pub- 

 lished by him. He left numerous manuscripts and notes which have 

 aided Torrey and Gray in their work on the flora of America. His her- 

 barium was extensive and very valuable, and has contributed much to 

 the works of Pursh and Nuttall. Baldwin also contributed to Muhlen- 

 berg's catalogue, and he maintained an active correspondence with many 

 of the foremost botanists of his day. Nuttall has honored him by 

 naming a genus of the Compositae Baldwiniana, and has thus connected 

 him in a most permanent manner with that science to which he so 

 earnestly devoted himself. 



The Long expedition proceeded and on September 17 went into 

 winter quarters near Council Bluffs. Major Long meanwhile went east, 

 and on his return brought with him Dr. Edwin James, who had been 

 appointed to take the place of Dr. Baldwin. 



Edwin James 7 was born in Weybridge, Vermont, on August 27, 

 1797. Edwin was the youngest son of Deacon Daniel James, who was 

 a native of Ehode Island, and had moved to Vermont at the beginning 

 of the Eevolution. In youth he was very industrious and applied him- 

 self to his studies with perseverance. His education was obtained at 

 the district school, and later he attended Middlebury College, where he 

 graduated in 1816. Subsequently he studied medicine with his elder 

 brother in Albany, New York, for three years. During this time he 

 became interested in botany and the natural sciences, which were then 

 being taught by Professor Amos Eaton. Upon the recommendations of 

 Captain Lewis Le Conte and Dr. John Torrey he was appointed to the 

 place left vacant by the death of Dr. Baldwin. The trip with Major 



T Thwaites, R. G., "Early Western Travels," Vol. 15. 

 Parry, C. C, Amer. Jour. Sci. and Arts, 2d series, 33 : 428-430, 1862. 

 Sargent, C. S., " Silva of North America," 2: 96, 1891. 



vol. Lxxm. — 32. 



