THE PHYSIQUE OF SCHOLARS 



249 



of weight 10.3 pounds; and criminals of 2.06 inches and 17.8 pounds, 

 indicating a deficiency of physical as well as mental stamina in both 

 these unfortunate classes of society. 



The physical measurements of the English and American people 

 are so nearly identical, as shown by comparisons which I made with 

 Mr. Galton's measurements some years ago, that conditions that affect 

 one class of persons in England may be said to affect in a similar way 

 the same class of persons in this country. We have already seen that 

 growing youth in different parts of this country and Europe develop 

 mentally as they develop physically, and that the men who have at- 

 tained the highest degree of intellectual eminence as a class, have in- 

 variably had a good physique as shown by their superior height and 

 weight, to back up their superior intellectual vigor. In view of these 

 indisputable facts we should expect to find that the same observations 

 would hold true among college students, who may be said to represent 

 the intermediate class on the way from growing youth to men of intel- 

 lectual eminence and distinction. According to our physiological law 

 we should expect to find that the students as a class who ranked the 

 highest in scholarship would also have the best physiques, as shown 

 by their superior height and weight. In order to ascertain if this 

 inference be true, I have had the following table compiled from my 

 statistics at Harvard University, from which some very interesting and 

 instructive conclusions may be drawn. 



0. 

 3 



o 

 u 



o 



1 



2 



3 



4 



5 



6 



7 



8 



9 



10 



11 



12 



13 



14 



15 



No. 



of 



Observ. 



Groups on which Observations were Made 



240 

 295 

 505 

 530 

 300 



77 

 300 

 232 



84 

 500000 

 1000 

 106 

 109 

 431 

 178 



University Crew from 1880 to 1900 

 University Football from 1880 to 1900 

 Lawrence Scientific School from 1902 to 1906 

 Academic Department from 1904 to 1906 

 First Fifty Strong Men from 1893 to 1900 

 Honor Scholarship Men, Group L, 1899 to 1906 

 Honor Scholarship Men, Groups I. & II., '99 to '06 

 Honor Scholarship Men, Group II., 1899 to 1906 

 Stipend Scholarship Men, Group III., '99 to '06 

 Average American in 1860 (Army Standard) 

 University Students in 1880 

 Stipend Scholarship Men, Group I., 1899 to 1906 

 Stipend Scholarship Men in early eighties 

 Stipend Scholarship Men, Groups I., II., III. 

 Stipend Scholarship Men, Group II., '99 to '06 



Height 



Cm. In. 



177.5 69 

 176.569 

 174.5 68 

 174.568 



Weight 



K'l. 



174 

 174 

 173.5 68 

 173 |68 

 172.567 



Lbs. 



172 

 172 

 172 

 171.5 67 

 171.5 67 

 170.5 67 



.9 69 

 .5171.5 

 .7165 

 .7 63.5 

 .5 68.5 

 .561 

 .3 61 

 .161 

 .9 61 

 .7 61 

 .7 61.3 

 .7 59 

 .5 60 

 .5 59.5 

 159 



152.1 



157.6 



143.3 



140 



151 



134.5 



135.6 



135.6 



135.6 



136.05 



135.2 



130.1 



132.3 



131.2 



130.1 



.q 



to 



625 

 652 

 680 

 650 

 960 

 550 

 550 

 560 

 560 



490 

 530 

 420 

 540 

 530 



This table consists of the medium measurements of 15 different 

 groups of men, all except Group 10 being composed of students of 

 Harvard University ranging in age from 18 to 26 years. These groups 

 are arranged according to superiority in height and weight. Group 

 No. 1 consists of 240 university crew men, the number whose measure- 

 ments have been taken since 1880 to 1906. The medium height is seen 

 to be 69.9 inches and the medium weight 152 pounds. Group 2 con- 



