376 



POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY 



Hering, 1896; Lister, 1897; Hoff, 1903; Koch, 1903; Agassiz, 1907; 

 Baeyer, 1907. France: Lister, 1893; Newcomb, 1895; Suess, 1900; 

 Hooker, 1900; Schiaparelli, 1902; Koch, 1903; Agassiz, 1904. As 

 the number selected is nearly the same in each of the four societies, 

 it might be expected that several of the men would be chosen by all. 

 Of the fifteen men, no one was selected by all four societies, two were 

 selected by three, six by two, and according to Table II. with one excep- 

 tion belong to either six or seven societies. Seven men were elected as 

 honorary members of one society only, and the names of two of them 

 do not appear in Table II. 



Nearly every other honor than that of foreign associate depends 

 on other considerations than eminence. Thus, honorary degrees from 

 the great universities are often regarded as an excellent test of dis- 

 tinction. But many universities give degrees only when candidates 

 are present, and accordingly, one who always remained at home, from 

 illness or other causes, would be at a great disadvantage. This is 

 still more markedly the case with decorations, which are often given 

 for services rendered, or to the representative of a country, wholly 

 independently of his personal eminence. 



Table III. gives for each country represented in Table II., the 

 name, the population, the number of members belonging to 7, 6, 5, 

 4, 3 and 2 societies, respectively, and to all combined. The total 

 number of memberships is given in the next column. Thus, if there 

 were two members each belonging to 5 societies, and one belonging 

 to 4, the total membership would be 14. The average number, or 

 the number of memberships divided by the number of members, is given 

 in the following column. The population expressed in millions divided 



Table III. 

 Countries 



Country 



Prussia 



England 



France 



United States. 



Saxony 



Austria 



Bavaria 



Italy 



Sweden 



Holland 



Russia 



Norway 



Denmark 



Baden 



Switzerland.... 



Belgium 



Wurtemberg.. 

 Java 



Population 



All. 



37,300,000 



30,800,000 



39,000,000 



86,400,000 



4,500,000 



47,000,000 



6,500,000 



32,500,000 



5,300,000 



5,600,000 



146,800,000 



2,200,000 



2,600,000 



2,000,000 



3,300,000 



7,100,000 



2,300,000 



23, 700 ,000 



Mill. 



2.0 

 2.4 

 3.0 



14.4 

 0.8 



11.8 

 1.6 



10.8 

 1.8 

 1.9 



48.9 

 0.7 

 0.9 

 1.0 

 1.6 

 7.1 

 2.3 



28.7 



5.6 



