1889.] NATURAL SCIENCES OF PHILADELPHIA. 261 



Color dark brown above, whitish below ; all the darker portions of 

 head, body and fins densely covered with minute black specks. Head 

 3 in length ; depth about 4; D. IV-I, 13 ; A. 13 ; length 8 inches. 



scaber, 2. 

 2. Uranoscopus scaber. Star-gazer; Bocoa in capo. 



Uranoscopus scaber Linnaeus, Svst. Nat. I. 250, 1758 (Mediter- 

 ranean) ; Cuv. and Val. III. 287, 1829. 



Uranoscopus mus Lacepede, Hist. Nat. Poiss. II. 349, 1799 (Mediter- 

 ranean). 



Callionymus araneus Gronow, Syst. ed. Gray, 44, 1854 (Mediter- 

 ranean). 



Uranoscopus occidental}* Agassiz, Spix, Pise. Brazil, 123, 1829 

 (Atlantic Ocean); Giinther, Cat. Fish. Brit, Mus. II. 229, 1860 

 (West Indies). 



Habitat. — Mediterranean Sea and neighboring waters. 



Etymology. Lat. scaber, rougb. 



This species is generally found in shallow waters in the Mediter- 

 ranean. The specimens examined by me were taken by Dr. Jordan 

 at Venice. 



The brief description given of Uranoscopus occidental is by Dr. 

 Giinther agrees fully with Uranoscopus scaber. Agassiz's specimens 

 were from "the Atlantic,'' no locality being given. As most of the 

 collections of Spix and Martius were made in Brazil, it has been 

 assumed that this species came from Brazil also. But the habitat 

 needs confirmation. 



ASTKOSCOPUS. 



Astroscopus (Brevoort MS.) Gill, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. 20, 

 1860 (anoplus). 



Agnus Giinther, Cat, Fish. Brit. Mus. II. 229, 1860 (anoplus). 



Type. Uranoscopus anoplus Cuv. and Val. 



Etymology. Astron, star; skopjeo, to look. 



This genus is close to Uranoscopus, differing mainly in the lack of 

 armature to the head. But one species is known. 



Analysis of species of Astroscopus. 

 a. Pectorals rather large, their longest ray equal in length to 

 base of second dorsal and extending to front of that fin ; ventrals 

 equal in length to pectorals, and extending to front of that fin ; the 

 second dorsal equal to anal but its anterior insertion slightly 

 posterior to that ; anal rays reach to base of caudal ; vent much 

 nearer base of caudal than to tip of snout. Color dark brown 

 above, yellowish below ; lighter portions of body covered with small 



