1889.] NATURAL SCIENCES OF PHILADELPHIA. 371 



7. Glycosmis pentaphylla, D. C. 



Mandarin Orange. Cultivated largely in China. 



These various species all come from the E. Indies, China or the 

 Malay Archipelago originally. The fruits are known everywhere. 

 Bahama oranges are of fine quality, and a considerable number are 

 exported to the U. S., but owing to want of care in gathering and 

 packing, their price is low. Many so-called Florida oranges come 

 from the Bahamas. Essential oils, used in perfumery and in the 

 manufacture of liqueurs, are obtained from the rind and flowers. In 

 medicine the acids of these fruits are used as refreshing laxatives 

 and antiseptics. 



Order XXIII. XANTHOXYLEAE. 



1. Xanthoxylum fraxineum, Willd. 

 Prickly Ash, Yellow wood. 



2. X. clava-Her cutis, L. 



Hercules' Club, Prickly Yellow wood. 



3. X. emarginatum, Desco. 



All indigenous. The species of Xanthoxylum are medicinal. In 

 the Bahamas the root of X. clava- Her cults is used as a poultice for 

 ulcers, and the bark is chewed for tooth-ache. The wood yields 

 a yellow dye ; the bark is also regarded as anti-syphilitic in this 

 colony. The young trees are made into walking sticks. 



4. Fagara lentiscifolia, W". (Swains.) 



Order XXIV. SIMARUBEAE. 



1. Picramnia pentandra, Sw. 

 Bitter Wood. West Indies. 



2. Alvaradoa amorphoides, Liebm. (Swains.) 

 Tassel Plant. All tropical coasts. 



3. Piorodendron Juglans, Gr. 



Jamaica Walnut. Jamaica. The plants of this order contain an 

 exceedingly bitter principle, which gives them tonic properties. 

 Picramnia is administered in this colony as a tonic and febrifuge. 



Order XXV. BURSERACEAE. 



1, Bur sera gummifera, L. (Mc. Nab.) 



Mastic Tree, West Indian Birch, Jamaica Birch, Caranna Gum 

 Tree, indigenous to this colony, Jamaica and East Indies. 



2. Amyris sylvatica, Jacq. 



Torch AVood, Shrubby Sweet Wood. W. Indian. Indigenous. 



