160 POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY. 



route was up the river, but the works ou Lookout Mountain controlled 

 both the river and the railroad west of the town. Down the river and 

 out of range of the guns on Lookout was Brown's ferry, which was 

 guarded by a force of confederates. Hooker's division, which had 

 been brought from the east, was thrown across the river and, capturing 

 the force there, entrenched a position commanding the river, which 

 was now clear below this point. 



The famine in Chattanooga soon ended. Supplies came to Bridge- 

 port, from thence to Brown's ferry, which Hooker was guarding, and 

 then by wagon to the army. The soldiers were soon well fed and 

 clothed by the 'cracker route,' as it was appropriately called. 



Grant was now free to develop offensive plans. It will be remem- 

 bered that Bragg 's lines stretched from bis left on Lookout Mountain 

 to Missionary Bidge, where his right was strongly entrenched; Thomas 

 was to threaten the confederate center, Sherman was to attack heavily 

 on Missionary Ridge and Hooker was to move on Lookout Mountain 

 and the enemy's left. 



The latter 's movement in the celebrated 'battle above the clouds' 

 was successful. However, since the establishment of the new line of 

 supplies, Lookout had ceased to be the key to the position. Sherman 

 found the opposing works stronger than he expected and he was not 

 immediately successful. However, in the center the unexpected hap- 

 pened. This position was believed to be too strong to be carried by 

 direct assault and the attack was intended to prevent reinforcements 

 being sent against Sherman. The troops had orders to stop at the 

 first rifle pits, but they could not be restrained. They rushed up the 

 steep slope, carried the position and the confederate center was broken. 

 Bragg was badly beaten and withdrew to Dalton. The region was not 

 out of union hands during the rest of the war. 



Chattanooga's importance has not ceased with the close of the war. 

 Its position at the gateway between the grain and cotton states, together 

 with the resources of the surrounding country, makes the location of 

 an important city in this region almost inevitable. Since the war, the 

 river has been made navigable most of the year to the Ohio. Railroads 

 have multiplied and eleven lines enter the city. Iron, coal, limestone, 

 cotton, lumber, grain are near at hand in the valley and plateau. The 

 city's population and manufactories have doubled in a few years. The 

 battlefields in the vicinity have been surveyed and mapped and the 

 Chattanooga and Chickamauga parks rank with Gettysburg among the 

 military parks of the world. 



At a point near Chattanooga one can view the two aspects of the 

 place without changing his position. In the beaTitiful national ceme- 

 tery resl over twelve thousand veterans of '63. Turning a little, the 

 city is in view. Tts factories are ;i prophecy not only of the city, but 

 as well of the New South. 



