436 POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY. 



industry the erstwhile farmers took as naturally as a duck to water. 

 From 65 per cent, to 70 per cent, of these immigrants of poor physique 

 remain in New York City, to add to the congestion of the lower east 

 side. Of the remaining 30 per cent, the majority go to Baltimore, 

 Philadelphia, Chicago and other large cities, where they are rapidly 

 building up Ghettos similar to that of New York. 



The geographical distribution of the Hebrews landed in New York 

 during 1903 is shown in the table given below. 



Number oi Ratio to Total 



State. Hebrews. Hebrews Landed. 



New York 50,945 67 per cent. 



Pennsylvania 8,206 11 " 



Massachusetts 4,130 5 " 



Illinois 3,170 4 " 



New Jersey 2,004 3 " 



Ohio 1,521 2 



Maryland 1,074 1.5 " 



Connecticut 1,020 1.5 " 



All other states 4,133 5 "_ 



Total 76,203 TOO per cent. 



Four fifths of the male adults are skilled in some light occupation, 

 and this fact, coupled with their physical incapacity for hard labor, 

 forces them into the sweat-shop. The addition each year of thousands 

 of these sweat-shop workers to the lower east side of New York has 

 produced a condition of affairs that beggars description. 



Manager Frankel in l The Twenty-seventh Annual Eeport of the 

 United Hebrew Charities of New York,' October, 1901, says: 



No matter how earnestly we labor to care for the Jewish poor, already in 

 our city, our burdens are being constantly increased by the thousands who come 

 from Europe every year and settle in our midst. It is worth noting in passing, 

 that, comparatively speaking, few of these newly arrived immigrants come to us 

 for assistance until after they have been in New York for a year or two. Either 

 they have sufficient means of their own to bring them to America and to sup- 

 port them for a period after their arrival or they have been sent for by relatives, 

 who are able to give them assistance for some time. 



But the evil conditions of the houses and the deteriorating influences of the 

 sweat shops of the great Ghetto soon work havoc among these people, and after an 

 interval of two or three years they come to us in numbers for relief. . . . 

 Furthermore, in line with our belief, that the ounce of prevention is worth a 

 pound of cure, and that as law-abiding citizens of our country, we should not 

 run against public sentiment nor pose as violators of the law, we have come to 

 an understanding with the London Board of Guardians whereby the unwise 

 shipment of Jewish immigrants, who are not adapted to conditions of life in 

 this country, will be stopped. Hitherto we have had to bear the burden which 

 should properly have been borne by our British co-religionists. They were 

 perfectly willing to furnish free transportation to those persons who were 

 unable to make a living in England, but who believed if they could only reach 

 the shores of America (which means New York to all Jewish immigrants) their 

 troubles would be at an end. . . . 



