1897.] 



NATURAL SCIENCES OF PHILADELPHIA. 



47 



from a palmar group. Burmeister gives the numeration as above, 

 but the muscles are too closely united to agree with T.fuscus, while 

 the difference in the ulnar muscle of the fourth finger is not given. 



In reviewing the muscles of the hand, both intrinsic and extrinsic, 

 one is struck with the fact that the ulnar division of the hand is 

 more highly endowed than the radial. The extensors of the fingers 

 are connected with the first interphalangeal joints by broader and 

 more powerful bands on the ulnar than on the radial sides. The 

 Palmar interossei are much larger and more powerful on the ulnar 

 than on the radial sides of the third and fourth fingers. The Dor- 

 sal interosseous muscle for the ulnar side of the fourth finger is much 

 broader and thicker than its fellows. 



THE MUSCLES OF THE INFERIOR EXTREMITY. 



The Biceps femoris arises in common with the Semitendinosus from 

 the ischial tuberosity. It is with scarcely any disposition to extend 

 down on leg, either in tendon or aponeurosis. The entire process 

 stops at the proximal fourth of the leg. One sheet of aponeurosis 

 passes to the crest of the tibia, and to the intermuscular septum be- 

 tween the Gastrocnemius and the Peroneus long us. The relations of 



the muscles are quite as in other 

 mammals. The Semimembranosus is 

 without transverse inscription. The 

 Semitendinosus possesses one, or at 

 least the belly is digastric. The 

 muscle last named with the Gracilis 

 and Sartorius form one tripartite 

 muscle. 



The extremely weak Biceps, which 

 secures no independent origin, forces 

 one to the conclusion that it is related 

 to the ham strings only, and not to 

 the Gluteus maximus whose relations 

 to the femoral shaft are secured 

 through another associate, namely, 

 the sheet I call the "Annectant Mass." 

 Burmeister's account of the Biceps is 

 quite different from the foregoing. 

 The muscle arises from the ischial tuberosity and receives a few 

 fibres only from the Semitendinosus. The difference is more 



Fig. 5. The hamstring muscles 

 of T. fuscus : a, gracilis ; b, sar- 

 torius ; c, semimembranosus ; d, 

 semitendinosus ; e, biceps. 



