1897.] NATURAL SCIENCES OF PHILADELPHIA. 447 



On the east side the rocks are separated into strata and dip to the 

 east and southeast. Near the summit the rock is in the form of an 

 anticlinal and the direction of its axis about corresponds with the 

 trend of the mountain. 



The deposit is faulted in lines nearly perpendicular and approxi- 

 mating north-northwest and east. As a result of the first faulting, part 

 of the wall of the deposit is thrown to the west flank of the mountain, 

 and owing to the second, the main deposit is cut off to the south on 

 the eastern slope. The folds and faults corresponding with the first 

 of these are anterior to those corresponding to the second or trans- 

 verse, which accounts for the folding back of the rocks of Epidote 

 and Garnets and their appearance on the west flank to the foot of the 

 eastern slope in many places as a result of the first movement. (See 

 L. G., IX, PI. P.). 



The mineral deposits have experienced the same fractures as the 

 rocks containing them, as is evident from the strips of Magnetite 

 included in the breccias which fill the cracks, and the slickensides 

 of magnetite. The narrow bands of limestone compressed within 

 the porphyritic rocks to the east and south of Blagodat contain a 

 fairly rich fauna often well preserved. The limestones of the lower 

 Devon ic (hercynian) along the rivers Kazanka and Izwestka for a 

 distance of 4 wersts southeast of Blagodat abound in fossils, among 

 which M. Tschernischew has described Calymene, Entomis pelagiea, 

 Pleurotomaria kuschwensis, Merista passer, Spirifer pentamerij'ormis, 

 Sp. kuschw., Sp. pseudo-kuschw., Atrypa kuschw., Pentamerusparvulus, 

 Pent, integer, Orthis pseudo-tenuissima. 



The occurrences of these ores of Wyssokaia and Blagodat, and the 

 relation they seem to bear to the orthophyres on the one hand and 

 to the eruptive diabases and porphyrites on the other, will 

 naturally suggest to the mind of the student of Pennsylvania geology 

 the Cornwall and Dillsburg deposits. The quotation by M. 

 Tschernischew of G. Rose's comparison of one of the transition 

 forms of these rocks to the Swedish Hallaflinta only increases the 

 the analogy to the series in Pennsylvania and other parts of the 

 United States, as well as in Wales, to which the late Dr. T. Sterry 

 Hunt so often referred. There are many other analogies, as in 

 the presence of copper and manganese in the Wyssokaja, and 

 the irregular pocket and mass occurrence of the ore in Blagodat. 

 The resemblances in the two countries in these respects is very 

 striking, and is not marred by the Devonic limestones at various 



