448 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ACADEMY OF [1897. 



points south and east of Blagodat. It would seem that the complete 

 history of these very interesting mineral deposits remains to be 

 told, and that there is some reason to believe that it will be found 

 to be similar in Pennsylvania, Caernarvonshire, and the district of 

 Goro-Blagodat. 



Recrossing the Eur-Asian frontier. — Leaving Kouchwa the rail- 

 way continues for a short time in a northerly direction, when it 

 turns northwest before reaching the river Toura. Up to this point 

 it is laid almost exclusively on porphyries accompanied by tuffs and 

 breccias. 



The porphyrite breccias consist of a paste of plagioclase and 

 augite, showing plain fluid structure in which occur Labradorite and 

 Augite (partly Uralite). Fragments of different sizes of dark gray 

 ribbon schist, of porphyrite and of quartz, are held in the paste. 

 Occasionally a large fragment of schist a meter in length enclosed in 

 the porphyrite indicates the vicinity of a continuous mass of schists. 

 Up to the present only one outcrop is known, viz. : to the left of the 

 Toura, between the great and little Garevka. About two wersts 

 from the Eur-Asian crossing a region of much metamorphosed 

 gabbros is entered. These gabbros are remarked also west of the 

 station. Then (197 wersts from Ekatkerinebourg) commences a 

 region of indubitably metamorphic Chlorite and micaceous schists 

 which constitute the central part of the crest of the Ourals. Beyond 

 the boundary station the railway crosses the Toura for the last time 

 and approaches the head waters of the rivers descending the 

 European slope and mingling their waters with the Kama. [L. G., 

 IX.]. 



The boundary station between Asia and Europe on the further 

 journey is 426.1 m. (1,397.6 ft.) above sea level, and near the head 

 waters of the Liewaia Toura, and of the Tiskoss, which latter is an 

 affluent of the Koiwa, and at a distance of 255 wersts from Perm. 

 Following the Koiwa at the ridge near the 237th werst from Perm 

 it attains an absolute height of 285.7 m. (937 ft.). 



Following the right bank and turning obliquely to the northwest 

 it ascends a sharp incline of a ridge parallel to that of the main 

 chain, and reaches the maximum elevation of 469.7 m. (1,540.6 ft.). 

 The first cut in the line reveals argillaceous and chloritic schists 

 striking nearly north and dipping sharply to the east. Gray and 

 partly friable quartzites intercalated with disintegrated chloritic 

 schist, yellowish and reddish talcose clays, and light gray quartzites 



