492 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ACADEMY OF [1897. 



more southern B. antiquus, whose remains are found in the same 

 deposits along the southern range of alaskensis. 



Note on " Bison appalachicolus " Rhoads. 



In the Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Phila- 

 delphia for the year 1895, pages 246 to 248 inclusive, the writer 

 described the horn-core of a fossil bovine from a limestone cave in 

 Pennsylvania as a new species, under the above name. A more 

 critical examination of the type of appalachicolus suggests the fol- 

 lowing remarks: 



The portion of the frontal plate attached to horn-core presents us 

 with a sagittal suture showing that the forehead of this animal was 

 smooth and nearly level between the horn-cores, that the width of 

 the skull at this point was only 90 millimeters, and that there was a 

 well defined, low, osseous prominence along the sagittal suture. 

 These and other characters of the type bespeak a fully adult ani- 

 mal. A fragment originally associated with the type, from the 

 character of the matrix and its label, contains a nearly perfect cross- 

 section of the more distal portion of the same horn-core. At its 

 smaller end this piece of core measures transversely 48 by 40 mm. 

 It indicates a horn-conformation approaching more nearly to Ovibos 

 than Bison, in this respect verifying the supposed affinity of the 

 specimen to the musk ox rather than to the bison. The charac- 

 ters of the base of the horn-core, after careful comparison with cor- 

 responding parts in Ovibos and Bison, indicate it to belong to the 

 right side of the skull. This identification is also in the direction 

 of Ovibos, as it indicates that the horn had a forward drop like the 

 musk ox. Considered in this light, appalachicolus presents us with 

 a small, flat-browed type of ox, lacking the osseous frontal rugosi- 

 ties of Ovibos, with horns resembling in their shape the extinct 

 Ovibos cavifrons in being more rounded and slender at base than 0. 

 moschatus. It is much smaller than cavifrons and the drop of horns 

 very much less, in this respect being intermediate between cavifrons 

 and Bison antiquus. As originally pointed out, its relation to 0. 

 bombifrons is very remote, and its place in the bovine series' forms 

 an interesting link between Ovibos and Bison. It may stand more 

 properly in nomenclature as Ovibos (JBootherium f) appalachicolus. 



Notes on the Woodland Bison of Boreal America, with Description 



and Name. 



For many years the existence of a race of buffalo peculiar to the 

 wooded tracts lying between the Liard and Peace Rivers, Great 



