764 



THE POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY 



their craving larger than they can afford 

 to buy. By submitting to hospital treat- 

 ment they can get back to a point where a 

 moderate quantity of the drug will produce 

 the desired effect. " They only wish to get 

 up-hill, that they may have the pleasure of 

 sliding down again ! " Even in his dissipa- 

 tions the Chinaman shows his characteris- 

 tic wariness. 



Silver-bearing Sandstones. A corre- 

 spondent of the Engineering and Mining 

 Journal describes the " silver sandstone " 

 formation occurring in the vicinity of Leeds, 

 a village ia the southwestern corner of 

 Utah, about 300 miles from Salt Lake City. 

 The formation is a beautifully-stratified red 

 and white sandstone, but greatly broken 

 up and eroded. Where the strata have 

 been undisturbed, they rise to a height of 

 perhaps 1,000 feet above the valley in table- 

 mountains, alternately banded with red and 

 white. The numerous foldings and contor- 

 tions of the strata are accounted for by the 

 presence of many extinct volcanoes, while 

 the great sandy deserts, covered with sage 

 and cactus, bear abundant evidence of the 

 erosion. On the northern side of what was 

 once a vast basin, lying between several 

 ranges of high mountains of old rock, where 

 the erosion of an anticlinal has left ridges 

 or reefs cropping out at various angles, are 

 the mines. The sandstone consists of red 

 and white deposits, carrying some lime as a 

 cementing material, with occasional layers 

 of clayey or shaly rock, and a considerable 

 amount of carbon scattered throughout. 

 The white sandstone seems so far to have 

 carried the ore, but all the strata carry it in 

 greater or smaller quantity. Careful sam- 

 plings and analyses show that there is a 

 large amount of ore running from $20 to 

 $50 per ton in several beds, a foot or 

 more in thickness, averaging from $50 to 

 $200, while others have streaks of various 

 widths, from one to ten inches, yielding ore 

 from $200 to $1,200. 



Specimens of so-called " silver-mud " 

 from Oregon have been examined by Mr. 

 Henry G. Hawks, member of the California 

 State Geological Society, who found the sub- 

 stance very rich in silver in the free state, 

 though the microscope failed to give any 

 clew to its origin. It has been suspected 



that this " silver-mud " is an artificial prod- 

 uct, intended to subserve fraudulent designs, 

 but Mr. Hawks could not find any evidence 

 of fraud. If the free silver in the mud 

 were fihngs, a single glance would suffice to 

 detect the fact. Had the silver been pre- 

 cipitated from solution by copper, it would 

 have been crystallized. An amalgam of 

 silver and mercury would have yielded a 

 sublimate if strongly heated in a glass tube 

 closed at one end. Such amalgam intro- 

 duced into the wet mud, and the whole 

 heated sufficiently to volatilize the mercury, 

 would have left the substance in a hard- 

 baked state, which could not again have 

 been reduced to the state in which the mud 

 was when it came into the hands of Mr. 

 Hawks. The author finds a close resem- 

 blance between this " silver-mud " and the 

 silver-bearing " sandstone," so called, of the 

 preceding paragraph. 



Anthropology in Germany. A writer in 

 Das ^4 Ms/rtMfZ directs attention to the neg- 

 lect of anthropological research in the great 

 schools of Germany. The science of an- 

 thropology, he remarks, together with all 

 its subordinate branches, such as anatomo- 

 physiological anthropology, ethnology, eth- 

 nography, "prehistory," and comparative 

 archaeology, were substantially founded by 

 German scholars, as Keller and Virchow, 

 Schaaffhausen and Bar, yet hitherto they 

 have been assigned no ofiicial place in 

 higher education. There is not in all Ger- 

 many a single professorship of anthropol- 

 ogy, though that is a subject that interests 

 the entire cultured public. " With us," he 

 writes, " the four antiquated Faculties still 

 profess to represent science in its totality. 

 In France, the case is different. Schaaff- 

 hausen, in his account of the Prehistoric 

 Congress of Buda-Pesth, observes that in 

 Paris a professorship of anthropology has 

 been in existence for the last twenty-seven 

 years. Besides, we learn of the recent 

 establishment in Paris of a school of an- 

 thropology. This school consists of four 

 sections, of anatomy, biology, ethnology, 

 ' prehistory,' and linguistics, with Broca, 

 Jopenard, Dally, Mortillet, and Hovelacque, 

 for professors. In Germany two scientific 

 men lecture on anthropology, namely, Ecker 

 in Freiburg, and 0. Jager in Stuttgart." 



