320 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ACADEMY OF [Apr., 



between the mandibles and licked them with the mouth parts. 

 Then they rubbed the front legs on the other two pairs and again 

 put the front legs to the mouth parts. Sometimes they also stand 

 still and stroke the antennse with the front legs. As a result of all 

 these cleaning processes, they smear the vaseline-beeswax mixture 

 over the greater part of the body and some of it covers the spiracles. 

 Except for the slight restlessness caused by the double operation 

 and for the slowness in responding to odors, they appeared normal 

 in all other respects. They lived from 1 to 5 days, with 3 days as 

 an average. Their deaths were probably due to the vaseline- 

 beeswax mixture being spread over the spiracles. Their responses 

 to odors were similar to those of intact ants, but more often than 

 with unmutilated ants they vibrated one or more legs. The reaction 

 times are: oil of peppermint 3-12 seconds, average 5.16 seconds; 

 oil of thyme 3-10 seconds, average 4.48 seconds; oil of wintergreen 

 3-10 seconds, average 4.56 seconds; honey and comb 4-25 seconds, 

 average 6.32 seconds; leaves and stems of pennyroyal 3-10 seconds, 

 average 4.92 seconds; formic acid 3-15 seconds, average 5.80 seconds. 

 These give a general average of 5.21 seconds, which is slightly more 

 than twice the same average for unmutilated sister females. May 

 not this slow reaction time be attributed to the fact that many of 

 the pores were prevented from functioning? 



5. Dedlated females of Camponotus. 



During May and June, 1913, 26 dealated females of Camponotus 

 were caught in the woods, either with colonies or just beginning to 

 found colonies. When brought to the laboratory they were put into 

 Fielde nests and queen cages as already described on page 296. 

 Twenty-five of these females were placed singly into the experimental 

 cases. Each one soon became quiet, and then it was tested with the 

 six odors. Their responses were similar to those already described 

 for unmutilated workers of the same species. The reaction times are : 

 oil of peppermint 2-3 seconds, average 2.24 seconds; oil of thyme 

 2-4 seconds, average 2.28 seconds; oil of wintergreen 2-3 seconds, 

 average 2.44 seconds; honey and comb 3-20 seconds, average 6.00 

 seconds; leaves and stems of pennyroyal 2-4 seconds, average 3.00 

 seconds; formic acid 2-12 seconds, average 3.52 seconds. These 

 giv.e a general average of 3.25 seconds. The longevity of these 

 females cannot be given. Only 4 of those confined in queen cages 

 have died up to the time of this writing, May 20, 1914. These 

 4 lived from 3 to 56 days. Not a single one kept in the Fielde 

 nests has yet died. 



