198 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ACADEMY OF [Feb., 



possesses the characteristic, narrow, elongated form, with strongly 

 marked prognathism and considerable asymmetry. 



Behind the temples is the usual deep depression, which, especially 

 on the right side, almost amounts to a breaking in of the surface, 

 and gives to the forehead a somewhat conical form. The whole 

 facial region also is narrow and flattened laterally. The cheeks, 

 while not sunken, are depressed below the level of the zygomatic 

 arch and of the muscles of the mouth. 



The eyebrows are apparently -asymmetrical in the arrangement 

 of the hairs — the right supercilium having its inner corner close to 

 the glabella, while that of the left is well round toward the side. 

 The head would seem to have suffered loss at these points during 

 the process of preparation. The hairs are comparatively short — 

 4 to 5 mm. in length. Considering the great contraction of the 

 piliferous tissue, the growth is not heavy. No eyelashes are visible. 



The eyelids have been inverted and stitched together, the stitches 

 from the right eye being continued to close a gash on the right surface 

 of the root of the nose. The line of the crack is traceable across the 

 root of the nose to a corresponding break on the left side which is 

 not sewed. This is found in other tsantsas and doubtless results 

 from the method of preparation which forces the nose forward and 

 upward. 



The naso-buccal region is strongly projected, which, together 

 with the slightly receding chin, gives to the lower face a snout-like 

 aspect. 



The nostrils, which are rudely circular and distended, are directed 

 almost straight to the front, in a manner suggestive of a double- 

 barreled gun. The orifices show a sufficient supply of vibrissse. 

 The septum has been broken away in the interior of the nasal passage, 

 which extends straight backward into the cavity of the head. The 

 contour of the nose shows a moderate convexity between root and tip. 



The lips are proportionately heavy and are pressed forward in a 

 horizontal curve and held together by three vertical stitches of 

 vegetable cord. The holes through which these cords pass are 

 circular, as if made with an awl, or kept open during the shrinkage 

 process by round skewers, such as appear on the Murato tsantsa 

 of Colini,'- which apparently was in process of preparation when 

 collected. The lip decoration of pendant cords attains a length of 



2 Dr. G. A. Colini, Osservazioni etnografiche siii Givari. Real Accademia dei 

 Lined, anno cclxxx, 1S82-1S8.3. Memorie della Classe di scienze morali, storiche, 

 e filologiche, vol. XI, tav. 1, fig. 1. . • 



