484 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ACADEMY OF [June, 



26. The Coastal faunule is composed of four associations, namely, 

 (a) Subcoastal, (b) Littoral, (c) Submaritime and (d) Maritime. 



27. The Subcoastal association is characteristic of the upland 

 portions of the Coastal Strip and is associated with a sandy soil, 

 moderate humidity, open campestral country and a mildly xerophytic 

 type of vegetation. The dominant Orthoptera are humicolous 

 xerophiles of the campestral phase, though arenicoles may be locally 

 common. This at the present time appears to be the dominant 

 Orthopteran association of the Coastal Plain. It tends to spread 

 inland with the removal of the forests and there displace the Pine 

 Barren types. 



28. The Littoral association is characteristic of the sea-beaches. 

 It is associated with wind-drifted sands and a highly xerophytic 

 type of vegetation. A fairly definite zonation in the distribution 

 of the Orthoptera can be recognized, the outer or frontal dunes being 

 characterized by arenicoles, the leeward dunes by humicoles. Open 

 grass formations prevail on the frontal dunes, dense thickets on the 

 leeward dunes. 



29. Human occupation of the beaches is evidently effecting far- 

 reaching changes in the composition of the beach fauna and flora. 

 A number of Subcoastal Orthoptera appear to have been introduced 

 directly or indirectly through human agency. 



30. The Submaritime association is a somewhat modified repre- 

 sentative of the fresh-water marsh group and is characteristic of the 

 low lands adjoining the salt marshes. It is associated with a muck 

 soil, abundant moisture and a mixed type of vegetation varying 

 from hydrophytes to xerophytes according to location, but con- 

 sisting mostly of the former. 



31. The Maritime association is characteristic of the salt marshes. 

 It is associated with a soil saturated with water and organic debris 

 and with a highly halophytic type of vegetation. 



32. The Pine Barren faunule is fundamentally a sylvan group, 

 divisible into a Sand Barren (Pine Barren in the narrower sense) 

 association and a Peat Bog (Cedar Swamp) association. In cultivated 

 areas the sylvicoles are replaced by a campestral association cor- 

 responding in essential features to the Subcoastal association of the 

 Coastal District. 



33. The Sand Barren association is a distinctively xerophilous 

 group and includes both arenicoles and humicoles, the former pre- 

 vailing on exposed patches of sand, the latter in the vegetation. 

 It is associated with a sandy soil, low humidity, forested country 

 and a strongly xerophytic type of vegetation. 



